Commercial Applications
Acid rain essentially an outcome of aggressive industrialisation in the developed countries. In view of the above statement explain any two impacts of Acid Rain on the environment.
Environmental Issues
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Answer
Acid rain is essentially an outcome of aggressive industrialisation in developed countries, caused by emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from factories, power plants and automobiles. Two impacts of acid rain on the environment are:
Impact on Buildings and Monuments — Acid rain is corrosive in nature. It corrodes buildings, monuments, metals and rock structures. Structures containing limestone or marble rocks are particularly corroded by acid rain because acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in these materials. Famous monuments like the Taj Mahal have been adversely affected by acid rain, causing irreversible damage to historical and cultural heritage.
Impact on Wildlife and Trees — Acid buildup in lakes disrupts the reproduction of aquatic animals. Fish populations decline as the acidity prevents their eggs from hatching. There is loss and alteration of food and habitat for wildlife. Acid rain also damages or destroys plants by reducing the fertility of soil. It causes damage to leaves and loss of sensitive plant species. Long-term acid rain leads to widespread forest decline and biodiversity loss.
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Case Study
British carmaker MG has confirmed the launch of a new affordable Electric Vehicle (EV) in India in the first half of 2023. The brand also revealed that this newly developed EV will come with an affordable price tag of around Rs 7-8 lakh.
Although the firm has not yet disclosed the details of the EV's body style, this new pure-electric offering will most probably compete against the Tata Nexon EV. Besides this, the MG's upcoming EV will utilise a new platform and could offer a sub-300 km of travel range on a single charge.
MG Motor has also announced that it will invest in nurturing young talents through its initiatives like the MG Nurture program. The carmaker plans to collaborate with 50 institutes through the program to train one lakh students on the latest technologies regarding EVs.
Electric cars produce zero exhaust emissions, which means they do not emit any harmful exhaust gases into the air. This can benefit the environment as exhaust gases can negatively impact various health conditions and also have an impact on climate change. EVs are more efficient, and that combined with the electricity cost is cheaper than filling petrol or diesel for your travel requirements. Using renewable energy sources can make the use of EVs more eco-friendly. They mainly reduce noise levels which are hazardous to human health.
[Source -
auto.hindustantimes.com]With reference to the case study answer the following question:
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Case Study
With the advancement in technology and the goal to scale its business, JK Tyre & Industries has been working on a two-pronged strategy to add 'significant relevance' to its overall business. Along with the mainstream tyres, the Delhi based company is also running a fleet operating management business and a mobility business vertical.
"In the fleet management business, from selling a tyre as a commodity, it becomes a kind of service. We have tied up with 1300 of the 1800 large fleets across India. We provide all the services and the customer pays for the tyre's upfront cost." Anuj Kathuria, India President, JK Tyres, said. Any fleet of 100 trucks/buses, or more, is considered a 'large fleet'.
An initiative like the fleet management service also contributes to sustained relationship with customers, leading to repeat purchases of tyres by them. The customer base of 1300 fleet operators hasn't come easily for JK Tyres, an early mover with such a business intervention in the industry. The customer base has been built over the past two decades.
Under the fleet management business, JK Tyres is also offering tyre-as-a-service. It has about 250 pit stops, and close to 100 truck wheel centres, where its services are provided.
The company, which has also developed a tyre with 80% biodegradable materials, says that the 'green tyre' is close to a market launch. The tyre major has a target to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.
Source: auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com, February 9, 2024.
With reference to the above case study answer the following question:
Explain how 'Industrialisation' and 'Transport' cause ecological damage.
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