Briefly explain any five factors responsible for the destruction of the eco system.

Five factors responsible for the destruction of the ecosystem are:

1. Industrialisation — Setting up of more and more industries and expansion of existing industrial units leads to clearing of forest land and fertile agricultural land. Biological diversity is being lost forever. Industries produce chemicals, fertilisers, dyes and paints, and contribute to air and water pollution.

2. Dwelling of Business Units — In order to accommodate the migrating population to industries and commercial cities, more dwelling units are being developed. This causes clearing of natural habitats to construct buildings, leading to ecosystem destruction.

3. Transport — For transport facilities, new roads and railway lines are being constructed. Roads that were once croplands, forests and wetlands are being occupied. Shallow lakes, ponds and wetlands are being filled up, affecting migratory birds and other species.

4. Tourism — Development of facilities for tourism, pilgrimage, recreation and adventure leads to destruction of ecosystems in areas rich in natural resources. Eco-tourism causes loss of freshwater systems and habitats. Pilgrim routes like to Amarnath are littered with plastic waste. Mega projects like Sardar Sarovar Dam cause serious ecological damage.

5. Mining — Mining involves removal of minerals from the earth's crust. In India, over 80,000 hectares are under mining stress. Mining causes deforestation, disruption of surface and groundwater circulation, reshaping of topography, generation of waste, contamination of water, soil erosion, landslides and degradation of land.