Assertion (A): Bacillary dysentery is caused due to infection by a protozoan which occurs frequently in children.

Reason: (R): Shigella is a kind of bacillus bacteria which causes bacillary dysentery.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Assertion (A): Malaria is caused by Plasmodium which is spread by Culex mosquito.

Reason (R): There are two hosts in the life cycle of a malarial parasite which are Anopheles mosquito and humans/monkeys/birds, etc.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Assertion (A): Hygiene is defined as the science and practice of maintaining good health.

Reason: (R): Hygiene can be maintained by taking vaccines and antibiotics regularly to keep a person away from diseases.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.