Study the picture and answer the following questions:

(a) Identify the persons in the picture. Name the organisation with which these persons were associated.

(b) Where was this organisation formed? State any three objectives of this organisation.

(c) Has this organisation been able to achieve its objectives? Give reasons for your answer.

(a) The picture shows the founders of Non-Aligned Movement — Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru of India, President Joseph Broze Tito of Yugoslavia and President Nasser of Egypt.
They are associated with the Non-Aligned Movement.

(b) The Non-Aligned Movement was formally launched at its first summit held in September 1961 at Belgrade in Yugoslavia.

Three objectives of NAM are as follows:

1. To oppose colonialism, imperialism and racial discrimination.
2. To advocate sovereign equality of all states.
3. To encourage friendly relations among countries.

(c) Yes, NAM has achieved its objectives as can be seen by the following achievements:

1. NAM has helped in easing of tension between the two power blocs and ultimately in bringing about the end of the Cold War.
2. NAM acted against the arms race of the superpowers during the Cold War years.
3. NAM has supported the cause of international peace, justice and freedom.
4. NAM has advocated New International Economic Order (NIEO) based on greater economic cooperation and justice. In fact, the first UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) held in 1964 was largely the outcome of the efforts made by the non-aligned countries.
5. NAM has made the developed countries realise that the continued deprivation of the third world would affect the economy of the world and their own prosperity.

NAM still continues to be positive, dynamic and constructive movement aimed at achieving universal peace, disarmament and development.