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Chapter 5

Quadratic Equations — Exercise 5(B)

Class - 10 Concise Mathematics Selina



Exercise 5(B)

Question 1(a)

The roots of the quadratic equation x2 - 6x - 7 = 0 are :

  1. -1 and 7

  2. 1 and 7

  3. -1 or 7

  4. 1 and -7

Answer

Given,

⇒ x2 - 6x - 7 = 0

⇒ x2 - 7x + x - 7 = 0

⇒ x(x - 7) + 1(x - 7) = 0

⇒ (x + 1)(x - 7) = 0

⇒ x + 1 = 0 or x - 7 = 0

⇒ x = -1 or x = 7.

Hence, Option 3 is the correct option.

Question 1(b)

The roots of the quadratic equation x(x + 8) + 12 = 0 are :

  1. 6 or 2

  2. -6 or -2

  3. 6 and -2

  4. -6 and -2

Answer

Given,

⇒ x(x + 8) + 12 = 0

⇒ x2 + 8x + 12 = 0

⇒ x2 + 2x + 6x + 12 = 0

⇒ x(x + 2) + 6(x + 2) = 0

⇒ (x + 6)(x + 2) = 0

⇒ x + 6 = 0 or x + 2 = 0

⇒ x = -6 or x = -2.

Hence, Option 2 is the correct option.

Question 1(c)

If one root of equation (p - 3)x2 + x + p = 0 is 2, the value of p is :

  1. -2

  2. 2

  3. ±2

  4. 1 and 2

Answer

Given,

One root of equation (p - 3)x2 + x + p = 0 is 2.

∴ x = 2 satisfies the equation.

∴ (p - 3)(2)2 + 2 + p = 0

⇒ 4(p - 3) + 2 + p = 0

⇒ 4p - 12 + 2 + p = 0

⇒ 5p - 10 = 0

⇒ 5p = 10

⇒ p = 105\dfrac{10}{5} = 2.

Hence, Option 2 is the correct option.

Question 1(d)

If x+1xx + \dfrac{1}{x} = 2.5, the value of x is :

  1. 4

  2. 5 and 15\dfrac{1}{5}

  3. 2 or 12\dfrac{1}{2}

  4. 2 and 12\dfrac{1}{2}

Answer

Given,

x+1x=2.5x2+1x=251010(x2+1)=25x10x2+10=25x10x225x+10=010x220x5x+10=010x(x2)5(x2)=0(x2)(10x5)=0x2=0 or 10x5=0x=2 or 10x=5x=2 or x=510=12.\Rightarrow x + \dfrac{1}{x} = 2.5 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 + 1}{x} = \dfrac{25}{10} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 10(x^2 + 1) = 25x \\[1em] \Rightarrow 10x^2 + 10 = 25x \\[1em] \Rightarrow 10x^2 - 25x + 10 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 10x^2 - 20x - 5x + 10 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 10x(x - 2) - 5(x - 2) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - 2)(10x - 5) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x - 2 = 0 \text{ or } 10x - 5 =0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 2 \text{ or } 10x = 5 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 2 \text{ or } x = \dfrac{5}{10} = \dfrac{1}{2}.

Hence, Option 3 is the correct option.

Question 1(e)

For quadratic equation 2x+5x2x + \dfrac{5}{x} = 5 :

  1. x ≠ 0

  2. x = 1

  3. x = 5

  4. x = 2

Answer

For quadratic equation :

2x + 5x\dfrac{5}{x} = 5

If x = 0, 5x\dfrac{5}{x} will not be defined.

∴ x ≠ 0.

Hence, Option 1 is the correct option.

Question 2

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

(2x - 3)2 = 49

Answer

⇒ (2x - 3)2 = 72

⇒ (2x - 3)2 - 72 = 0

As, (a2 - b2) = (a + b)(a - b)

⇒ (2x - 3 + 7)(2x - 3 - 7) = 0

⇒ (2x + 4)(2x - 10) = 0

⇒ 2x + 4 = 0 or 2x - 10 = 0      [Using Zero-product rule]

⇒ 2x = -4 or 2x = 10

⇒ x = -2 or x = 5.

Hence, x = -2 or x = 5.

Question 3

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

(x + 1)(2x + 8) = (x + 7)(x + 3)

Answer

⇒ (x + 1)(2x + 8) = (x + 7)(x + 3)

⇒ 2x2 + 8x + 2x + 8 = x2 + 3x + 7x + 21

⇒ 2x2 - x2 + 10x + 8 = 10x + 21

⇒ x2 + 10x - 10x = 21 - 8

⇒ x2 = 13

⇒ x = ±13\pm \sqrt{13}

Hence, x = +13+ \sqrt{13} or x = 13- \sqrt{13}.

i.e., x = 3.61 or x = -3.61

Question 4

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

4(2x - 3)2 - (2x - 3) - 14 = 0

Answer

4(2x - 3)2 - (2x - 3) - 14 = 0

⇒ 4(4x2 + 9 - 12x) - 2x + 3 - 14 = 0

⇒ 16x2 + 36 - 48x - 2x - 11 = 0

⇒ 16x2 - 50x + 25 = 0

⇒ 16x2 - 40x - 10x + 25 = 0

⇒ 8x(2x - 5) - 5(2x - 5) = 0

⇒ (8x - 5)(2x - 5) = 0

⇒ 8x - 5 = 0 or 2x - 5 = 0      [Using Zero-product rule]

⇒ 8x = 5 or 2x = 5

⇒ x = 58\dfrac{5}{8} or x = 52\dfrac{5}{2}.

Hence, x = 58 or x=52\dfrac{5}{8} \text{ or } x = \dfrac{5}{2}.

Question 5

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

2x2 - 9x + 10 = 0, when :

(i) x ∈ N

(ii) x ∈ Q.

Answer

2x2 - 9x + 10 = 0

⇒ 2x2 - 4x - 5x + 10 = 0

⇒ 2x(x - 2) - 5(x - 2) = 0

⇒ (2x - 5)(x - 2) = 0

⇒ 2x - 5 = 0 or x - 2 = 0      [Using Zero-product rule]

⇒ 2x = 5 or x = 2

⇒ x = 52\dfrac{5}{2} or x = 2.

(i) Since, x ∈ N

Hence, value of x = 2.

(ii) Since, x ∈ Q

Hence, value of x = 52\dfrac{5}{2} or 2.

Question 6

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

x3x+3+x+3x3=212\dfrac{x - 3}{x + 3} + \dfrac{x + 3}{x - 3} = 2\dfrac{1}{2}

Answer

Given,

x3x+3+x+3x3=212(x3)(x3)+(x+3)(x+3)(x+3)(x3)=52x23x3x+9+x2+3x+3x+9x2+3x3x9=52x26x+9+x2+6x+9x29=522x2+18x29=522(2x2+18)=5(x29)4x2+36=5x2455x24x2=36+45x2=81x=81=±9.\phantom {\Rightarrow} \dfrac{x - 3}{x + 3} + \dfrac{x + 3}{x - 3} = 2\dfrac{1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{(x - 3)(x - 3) + (x + 3)(x + 3)}{(x + 3)(x - 3)} = \dfrac{5}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 - 3x - 3x + 9 + x^2 + 3x + 3x + 9}{x^2 + 3x - 3x - 9} = \dfrac{5}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 - 6x + 9 + x^2 + 6x + 9}{x^2 - 9} = \dfrac{5}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{2x^2 + 18}{x^2 - 9} = \dfrac{5}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2(2x^2 + 18) = 5(x^2 - 9) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 4x^2 + 36 = 5x^2 - 45 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 5x^2 - 4x^2 = 36 + 45 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 = 81 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \sqrt{81} = \pm 9.

Hence, value of x = +9 or -9.

Question 7

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

4x+21x+3=42x+1\dfrac{4}{x + 2} - \dfrac{1}{x + 3} = \dfrac{4}{2x + 1}

Answer

Given,

4x+21x+3=42x+14(x+3)(x+2)(x+2)(x+3)=42x+14x+12x2x2+3x+2x+6=42x+13x+10x2+5x+6=42x+1(3x+10)(2x+1)=4(x2+5x+6)6x2+3x+20x+10=4x2+20x+246x24x2+23x20x+1024=02x2+3x14=02x2+7x4x14=0x(2x+7)2(2x+7)=0(x2)(2x+7)=0(x2)=0 or 2x+7=0x=2 or 2x=7x=2 or x=72.\Rightarrow \dfrac{4}{x + 2} - \dfrac{1}{x + 3} = \dfrac{4}{2x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{4(x + 3) - (x + 2)}{(x + 2)(x + 3)} = \dfrac{4}{2x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{4x + 12 - x - 2}{x^2 + 3x + 2x + 6} = \dfrac{4}{2x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{3x + 10}{x^2 + 5x + 6} = \dfrac{4}{2x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow (3x + 10)(2x + 1) = 4(x^2 + 5x + 6) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 6x^2 + 3x + 20x + 10 = 4x^2 + 20x + 24 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 6x^2 - 4x^2 + 23x - 20x + 10 -24 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 + 3x - 14 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 + 7x - 4x - 14 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(2x + 7) - 2(2x + 7) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - 2)(2x + 7) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - 2) = 0 \text{ or } 2x + 7 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 2 \text{ or } 2x = -7 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 2 \text{ or } x = -\dfrac{7}{2}.

Hence, value of x = 2 or -72\dfrac{7}{2}.

Question 8

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

5x23x+6=4x\dfrac{5}{x - 2} - \dfrac{3}{x + 6} = \dfrac{4}{x}

Answer

Given,

5(x+6)3(x2)(x2)(x+6)=4x5x+303x+6x2+6x2x12=4x2x+36x2+4x12=4xx(2x+36)=4(x2+4x12)2x2+36x=4x2+16x484x22x2+16x36x48=02x220x48=02(x210x24)=0x210x24=0x212x+2x24=0x(x12)+2(x12)=0(x+2)(x12)=0x=2 or x=12.\Rightarrow \dfrac{5(x + 6) - 3(x - 2)}{(x - 2)(x + 6)} = \dfrac{4}{x} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{5x + 30 - 3x + 6}{x^2 + 6x - 2x - 12} = \dfrac{4}{x} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{2x + 36}{x^2 + 4x - 12} = \dfrac{4}{x} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(2x + 36) = 4(x^2 + 4x - 12) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 + 36x = 4x^2 + 16x - 48 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 4x^2 - 2x^2 + 16x - 36x - 48 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 - 20x - 48 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2(x^2 - 10x - 24) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 10x - 24 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 12x + 2x - 24 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x - 12) + 2(x - 12) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x + 2)(x - 12) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = -2 \text{ or } x = 12.

Hence, value of x = -2 or 12.

Question 9

Solve the following equation by factorisation:

(1+1x+1)(11x1)=78\Big(1 + \dfrac{1}{x + 1}\Big)\Big(1 - \dfrac{1}{x - 1}\Big) = \dfrac{7}{8}

Answer

Given,

(1+1x+1)(11x1)=78x+1+1x+1×x11x1=78x+2x+1×x2x1=78x24x21=788(x24)=7(x21)8x232=7x278x27x2=7+32x2=25x=25x=±5.\Rightarrow \Big(1 + \dfrac{1}{x + 1}\Big)\Big(1 - \dfrac{1}{x - 1}\Big) = \dfrac{7}{8} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x + 1 + 1}{x + 1} \times \dfrac{x - 1 - 1}{x - 1} = \dfrac{7}{8} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x + 2}{x + 1} \times \dfrac{x - 2}{x - 1} = \dfrac{7}{8} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 - 4}{x^2 - 1} = \dfrac{7}{8} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 8(x^2 - 4) = 7(x^2 - 1) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 8x^2 - 32 = 7x^2 - 7 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 8x^2 - 7x^2 = - 7 + 32 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 = 25 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \sqrt{25} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \pm 5.

Hence, value of x = -5 or +5.

Question 10

Find the quadratic equation, whose solution set is :

(i) {3, 5}

(ii) {-2, 3}

Answer

(i) Since, {3, 5} is solution set.

It means 3 and 5 are roots of the equation,

∴ x = 3 or x = 5

⇒ x - 3 = 0 or x - 5 = 0

⇒ (x - 3)(x - 5) = 0

⇒ (x2 - 5x - 3x + 15) = 0

⇒ x2 - 8x + 15 = 0.

Hence, quadratic equation with solution set {3, 5} = x2 - 8x + 15 = 0.

(ii) Since, {-2, 3} is solution set.

It means -2 and 3 are roots of the equation,

∴ x = -2 or x = 3

⇒ x + 2 = 0 or x - 3 = 0

⇒ (x + 2)(x - 3) = 0

⇒ (x2 - 3x + 2x - 6) = 0

⇒ x2 - x - 6 = 0.

Hence, quadratic equation with solution set {-2, 3} = x2 - x - 6 = 0.

Question 11(i)

Solve : x3+36x=2(6+x)15\dfrac{x}{3} + \dfrac{3}{6 - x} = \dfrac{2(6 + x)}{15}; (x ≠ 6)

Answer

Given,

x3+36x=2(6+x)15x(6x)+93(6x)=12+2x156xx2+9183x=12+2x1515(6xx2+9)=(12+2x)(183x)90x15x2+135=21636x+36x6x290x15x2+135=2166x215x26x290x+216135=09x290x+81=09(x210x+9)=0x210x+9=0x29xx+9=0x(x9)1(x9)=0(x1)(x9)=0x=1 or x=9.\Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{3} + \dfrac{3}{6 - x} = \dfrac{2(6 + x)}{15} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x(6 - x) + 9}{3(6 - x)} = \dfrac{12 + 2x}{15} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{6x - x^2 + 9}{18 - 3x} = \dfrac{12 + 2x}{15} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 15(6x - x^2 + 9) = (12 + 2x)(18 - 3x) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 90x - 15x^2 + 135 = 216 - 36x + 36x - 6x^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 90x - 15x^2 + 135 = 216 - 6x^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 15x^2 - 6x^2 - 90x + 216 - 135 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 9x^2 - 90x + 81 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 9(x^2 - 10x + 9) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 10x + 9 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 9x - x + 9 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x - 9) - 1(x - 9) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - 1)(x - 9) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 1 \text{ or } x = 9.

Hence, x = 1 or x = 9.

Question 11(ii)

Solve the equation 9x2 + 3x4+2\dfrac{3x}{4} + 2 = 0, if possible, for real values of x.

Answer

Given,

9x2 + 3x4+2\dfrac{3x}{4} + 2 = 0

36x2+3x+84=0\Rightarrow \dfrac{36x^2 + 3x + 8}{4} = 0

⇒ 36x2 + 3x + 8 = 0

Comparing 36x2 + 3x + 8 = 0 with ax2 + bx + c = 0 we get,

a = 36, b = 3 and c = 8

D = b2 - 4ac = (3)2 - 4(36)(8) = 9 - 1152 = -1143.

Since, D < 0 hence, roots are imaginary.

There is no possibility of real roots.

Question 12

Find the value of x, if a + 7 = 0; b + 10 = 0 and 12x2 = ax - b.

Answer

Given,

⇒ a + 7 = 0 and b + 10 = 0

⇒ a = -7 and b = -10

Substituting value of a and b in 12x2 = ax - b,

⇒ 12x2 = (-7)x - (-10)

⇒ 12x2 = -7x + 10

⇒ 12x2 + 7x - 10 = 0

⇒ 12x2 + 15x - 8x - 10 = 0

⇒ 3x(4x + 5) - 2(4x + 5) = 0

⇒ (3x - 2)(4x + 5) = 0

⇒ 3x - 2 = 0 or 4x + 5 = 0      [Using Zero-product rule]

⇒ 3x = 2 or 4x = - 5

⇒ x = 23 or x=54\dfrac{2}{3} \text{ or } x = -\dfrac{5}{4}.

Hence, x = 23 or 54\dfrac{2}{3} \text{ or } -\dfrac{5}{4}.

Question 13

Use the substitution 2x + 3 = y to solve for x, if 4(2x + 3)2 - (2x + 3) - 14 = 0.

Answer

Substituting, 2x + 3 = y in 4(2x + 3)2 - (2x + 3) - 14 = 0 we get,

⇒ 4y2 - y - 14 = 0

⇒ 4y2 - 8y + 7y - 14 = 0

⇒ 4y(y - 2) + 7(y - 2) = 0

⇒ (4y + 7)(y - 2) = 0

⇒ 4y + 7 = 0 or y - 2 = 0

⇒ 4y = -7 or y = 2

⇒ y = 74-\dfrac{7}{4} or y = 2.

∴ 2x + 3 = 74-\dfrac{7}{4} or 2x + 3 = 2

⇒ 2x = 743-\dfrac{7}{4} - 3 or 2x = 2 - 3

⇒ 2x = 7124\dfrac{-7 - 12}{4} or 2x = -1

⇒ 2x = 194 or x=12-\dfrac{19}{4} \text{ or } x = -\dfrac{1}{2}

⇒ x = 198 or x=12-\dfrac{19}{8} \text{ or } x = -\dfrac{1}{2}

Hence, x = 198 or x=12-\dfrac{19}{8} \text{ or } x = -\dfrac{1}{2}.

Question 14

If x ≠ 0 and a ≠ 0, solve :

xaa+bx=b(a+b)ax\dfrac{x}{a} - \dfrac{a + b}{x} = \dfrac{b(a + b)}{ax}

Answer

Given,

xaa+bx=b(a+b)axx2a(a+b)ax=ab+b2axx2a2abax×ax=ab+b2x2a2ab=ab+b2x2=a2+ab+ab+b2x2=a2+2ab+b2x2=(a+b)2x2(a+b)2=0(x(a+b))(x+(a+b))=0x=a+b or x=(a+b).\Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{a} - \dfrac{a + b}{x} = \dfrac{b(a + b)}{ax} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 - a(a + b)}{ax} = \dfrac{ab + b^2}{ax} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 - a^2 - ab}{ax} \times ax = ab + b^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - a^2 - ab = ab + b^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 = a^2 + ab + ab + b^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 = (a + b)^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - (a + b)^2 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - (a + b))(x + (a + b)) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = a + b \text{ or } x = -(a + b).

Hence, x = a + b or -(a + b).

Question 15(i)

Solve :

(1200x+2)(x10)1200=60.\Big(\dfrac{1200}{x} + 2\Big)(x - 10) - 1200 = 60.

Answer

Given,

(1200x+2)(x10)1200=60(1200+2x)(x10)x=60+12001200x12000+2x220xx=12602x2+1180x12000=1260x2x2+1180x1260x12000=02x280x12000=02(x240x6000)=0x240x6000=0x2100x+60x6000=0x(x100)+60(x100)=0(x+60)(x100)=0(x+60)=0 or (x100)=0x=60 or x=100.\Rightarrow \Big(\dfrac{1200}{x} + 2\Big)(x - 10) - 1200 = 60 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{(1200 + 2x)(x - 10)}{x} = 60 + 1200 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{1200x - 12000 + 2x^2 - 20x }{x} = 1260 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 + 1180x - 12000 = 1260x \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 + 1180x -1260x - 12000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x^2 - 80x - 12000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2(x^2 - 40x - 6000) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 40x - 6000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 100x + 60x - 6000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x - 100) + 60(x - 100) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x + 60)(x - 100) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x + 60) = 0 \text{ or } (x - 100) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = -60 \text{ or } x = 100.

Hence, x = -60 or 100.

Question 15(ii)

Solve :

14x+31=5x+1\dfrac{14}{x + 3} - 1 = \dfrac{5}{x + 1}

Answer

Given,

14x+31=5x+114(x+3)x+3=5x+114x3x+3=5x+111xx+3=5x+1(11x)(x+1)=5(x+3)11x+11x2x=5x+15x2+10x+11=5x+15x2+10x5x+1115=0x2+5x4=0x25x+4=0x24xx+4=0x(x4)1(x4)=0(x1)(x4)=0x=1 or x=4.\Rightarrow \dfrac{14}{x + 3} - 1 = \dfrac{5}{x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{14 - (x + 3)}{x + 3} = \dfrac{5}{x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{14 - x - 3}{x + 3} = \dfrac{5}{x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{11 - x}{x + 3} = \dfrac{5}{x + 1} \\[1em] \Rightarrow (11 - x)(x + 1) = 5(x + 3) \\[1em] \Rightarrow 11x + 11 - x^2 - x = 5x + 15 \\[1em] \Rightarrow -x^2 + 10x + 11 = 5x + 15 \\[1em] \Rightarrow -x^2 + 10x - 5x + 11 - 15 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow -x^2 + 5x - 4 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 5x + 4 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 − 4x − x + 4 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x − 4) −1(x − 4) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x − 1)(x − 4) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 1 \text{ or } x = 4.

Hence, x = 1, 4.

Question 15(iii)

Solve :

2x2 + ax - a2 = 0

Answer

Given,

⇒ 2x2 + ax - a2 = 0

⇒ 2x2 + 2ax - ax - a2 = 0

⇒ 2x(x + a) - a(x + a) = 0

⇒ (2x - a)(x + a) = 0

⇒ (2x - a) = 0 or (x + a) = 0

⇒ x = a2\dfrac{a}{2} or x = -a

Hence, x = a2\dfrac{a}{2} or -a.

Question 15(iv)

Solve :

2x+9+x=13\sqrt{2x + 9} + x = 13

Answer

Given,

2x+9+x=132x+9=13xSquaring both sides, we get :(2x+9)2=(13x)22x+9=16926x+x2x226x2x+1699=0x228x+160=0x220x8x+160=0x(x20)8(x20)=0(x20)(x8)=0x=20 or x=8\Rightarrow \sqrt{2x + 9} + x = 13 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{2x + 9} = 13 - x \\[1em] \text{Squaring both sides, we get :} \\[1em] \Rightarrow (\sqrt{2x + 9})^2 = (13 - x)^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2x + 9 = 169 - 26x + x^2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 26x - 2x + 169 - 9 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 28x + 160 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 20x - 8x + 160 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x - 20) - 8(x - 20) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x - 20)(x - 8) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 20 \text{ or } x = 8

Substituting value of x = 20, in L.H.S of equation 2x+9+x=13\sqrt{2x + 9} + x = 13, we get:

2(20)+9+2040+9+2049+207+20=27\Rightarrow \sqrt{2(20) + 9} + 20 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{40 + 9} + 20 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{49} + 20 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 7 + 20 = 27

L.H.S ≠ R.H.S

x = 20 is not valid

Substituting value of x = 8, in L.H.S of equation 2x+9+x=13\sqrt{2x + 9} + x = 13, we get:

2(8)+9+816+9+825+85+813\Rightarrow \sqrt{2(8) + 9} + 8 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{16 + 9} + 8 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{25} + 8 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 5 + 8 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 13

L.H.S = R.H.S

x = 8 is valid

Hence, x = 8.

Question 15(v)

Solve :

2800x1002800x=12\dfrac{2800}{x - 100} - \dfrac{2800}{x} = \dfrac{1}{2}

Answer

2800x1002800x=122800x2800(x100)x(x100)=122800x2800x+280000x2100x=122(280000)=x2100x560000=x2100xx2100x560000=0x2800x+700x560000=0x(x800)+700(x800)=0(x+700)(x800)=0x=700 or x=800\Rightarrow \dfrac{2800}{x - 100} - \dfrac{2800}{x} = \dfrac{1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{2800x - 2800(x - 100)}{x(x - 100)} = \dfrac{1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{2800x - 2800x + 280000}{x^2 - 100x} = \dfrac{1}{2} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 2(280000) = x^2 - 100x \\[1em] \Rightarrow 560000 = x^2 - 100x \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 100x - 560000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x^2 - 800x + 700x - 560000 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x(x - 800) + 700(x - 800) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (x + 700)(x - 800) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = -700 \text { or } x = 800

Hence, x = 800.

Question 15(vi)

Solve :

3x226x+2=03x^2 - 2\sqrt{6}x + 2 = 0

Answer

3x226x+2=03x26x6x+2=03x(3x2)2(3x2)=0(3x2)(3x2)=0(3x2)2=0(3x2)=03x=2x=23x=2×33×3x=63.\Rightarrow 3x^2 - 2\sqrt{6}x + 2 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow 3x^2 - \sqrt{6}x - \sqrt{6}x + 2 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{3}x (\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2) - \sqrt2(\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2) (\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2)^2 = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow (\sqrt{3}x - \sqrt2) = 0 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \sqrt{3}x = \sqrt2 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{\sqrt2}{\sqrt{3}} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{\sqrt2 \times \sqrt3}{\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt3} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{\sqrt6}{3}.

Hence, x = 63\dfrac{\sqrt6}{3}.

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