The roots of the quadratic equation x2 - 6x - 7 = 0 are :
-1 and 7
1 and 7
-1 or 7
1 and -7
Answer
Given,
⇒ x2 - 6x - 7 = 0
⇒ x2 - 7x + x - 7 = 0
⇒ x(x - 7) + 1(x - 7) = 0
⇒ (x + 1)(x - 7) = 0
⇒ x + 1 = 0 or x - 7 = 0
⇒ x = -1 or x = 7.
Hence, Option 3 is the correct option.
Question 1(b)
The roots of the quadratic equation x(x + 8) + 12 = 0 are :
6 or 2
-6 or -2
6 and -2
-6 and -2
Answer
Given,
⇒ x(x + 8) + 12 = 0
⇒ x2 + 8x + 12 = 0
⇒ x2 + 2x + 6x + 12 = 0
⇒ x(x + 2) + 6(x + 2) = 0
⇒ (x + 6)(x + 2) = 0
⇒ x + 6 = 0 or x + 2 = 0
⇒ x = -6 or x = -2.
Hence, Option 2 is the correct option.
Question 1(c)
If one root of equation (p - 3)x2 + x + p = 0 is 2, the value of p is :
-2
2
±2
1 and 2
Answer
Given,
One root of equation (p - 3)x2 + x + p = 0 is 2.
∴ x = 2 satisfies the equation.
∴ (p - 3)(2)2 + 2 + p = 0
⇒ 4(p - 3) + 2 + p = 0
⇒ 4p - 12 + 2 + p = 0
⇒ 5p - 10 = 0
⇒ 5p = 10
⇒ p = 510 = 2.
Hence, Option 2 is the correct option.
Question 1(d)
If x+x1 = 2.5, the value of x is :
4
5 and 51
2 or 21
2 and 21
Answer
Given,
⇒x+x1=2.5⇒xx2+1=1025⇒10(x2+1)=25x⇒10x2+10=25x⇒10x2−25x+10=0⇒10x2−20x−5x+10=0⇒10x(x−2)−5(x−2)=0⇒(x−2)(10x−5)=0⇒x−2=0 or 10x−5=0⇒x=2 or 10x=5⇒x=2 or x=105=21.
⇒x+24−x+31=2x+14⇒(x+2)(x+3)4(x+3)−(x+2)=2x+14⇒x2+3x+2x+64x+12−x−2=2x+14⇒x2+5x+63x+10=2x+14⇒(3x+10)(2x+1)=4(x2+5x+6)⇒6x2+3x+20x+10=4x2+20x+24⇒6x2−4x2+23x−20x+10−24=0⇒2x2+3x−14=0⇒2x2+7x−4x−14=0⇒x(2x+7)−2(2x+7)=0⇒(x−2)(2x+7)=0⇒(x−2)=0 or 2x+7=0⇒x=2 or 2x=−7⇒x=2 or x=−27.
Hence, value of x = 2 or -27.
Question 8
Solve the following equation by factorisation:
x−25−x+63=x4
Answer
Given,
⇒(x−2)(x+6)5(x+6)−3(x−2)=x4⇒x2+6x−2x−125x+30−3x+6=x4⇒x2+4x−122x+36=x4⇒x(2x+36)=4(x2+4x−12)⇒2x2+36x=4x2+16x−48⇒4x2−2x2+16x−36x−48=0⇒2x2−20x−48=0⇒2(x2−10x−24)=0⇒x2−10x−24=0⇒x2−12x+2x−24=0⇒x(x−12)+2(x−12)=0⇒(x+2)(x−12)=0⇒x=−2 or x=12.
Find the quadratic equation, whose solution set is :
(i) {3, 5}
(ii) {-2, 3}
Answer
(i) Since, {3, 5} is solution set.
It means 3 and 5 are roots of the equation,
∴ x = 3 or x = 5
⇒ x - 3 = 0 or x - 5 = 0
⇒ (x - 3)(x - 5) = 0
⇒ (x2 - 5x - 3x + 15) = 0
⇒ x2 - 8x + 15 = 0.
Hence, quadratic equation with solution set {3, 5} = x2 - 8x + 15 = 0.
(ii) Since, {-2, 3} is solution set.
It means -2 and 3 are roots of the equation,
∴ x = -2 or x = 3
⇒ x + 2 = 0 or x - 3 = 0
⇒ (x + 2)(x - 3) = 0
⇒ (x2 - 3x + 2x - 6) = 0
⇒ x2 - x - 6 = 0.
Hence, quadratic equation with solution set {-2, 3} = x2 - x - 6 = 0.
Question 11(i)
Solve : 3x+6−x3=152(6+x); (x ≠ 6)
Answer
Given,
⇒3x+6−x3=152(6+x)⇒3(6−x)x(6−x)+9=1512+2x⇒18−3x6x−x2+9=1512+2x⇒15(6x−x2+9)=(12+2x)(18−3x)⇒90x−15x2+135=216−36x+36x−6x2⇒90x−15x2+135=216−6x2⇒15x2−6x2−90x+216−135=0⇒9x2−90x+81=0⇒9(x2−10x+9)=0⇒x2−10x+9=0⇒x2−9x−x+9=0⇒x(x−9)−1(x−9)=0⇒(x−1)(x−9)=0⇒x=1 or x=9.
Hence, x = 1 or x = 9.
Question 11(ii)
Solve the equation 9x2 + 43x+2 = 0, if possible, for real values of x.
Answer
Given,
9x2 + 43x+2 = 0
⇒436x2+3x+8=0
⇒ 36x2 + 3x + 8 = 0
Comparing 36x2 + 3x + 8 = 0 with ax2 + bx + c = 0 we get,
Use the substitution 2x + 3 = y to solve for x, if 4(2x + 3)2 - (2x + 3) - 14 = 0.
Answer
Substituting, 2x + 3 = y in 4(2x + 3)2 - (2x + 3) - 14 = 0 we get,
⇒ 4y2 - y - 14 = 0
⇒ 4y2 - 8y + 7y - 14 = 0
⇒ 4y(y - 2) + 7(y - 2) = 0
⇒ (4y + 7)(y - 2) = 0
⇒ 4y + 7 = 0 or y - 2 = 0
⇒ 4y = -7 or y = 2
⇒ y = −47 or y = 2.
∴ 2x + 3 = −47 or 2x + 3 = 2
⇒ 2x = −47−3 or 2x = 2 - 3
⇒ 2x = 4−7−12 or 2x = -1
⇒ 2x = −419 or x=−21
⇒ x = −819 or x=−21
Hence, x = −819 or x=−21.
Question 14
If x ≠ 0 and a ≠ 0, solve :
ax−xa+b=axb(a+b)
Answer
Given,
⇒ax−xa+b=axb(a+b)⇒axx2−a(a+b)=axab+b2⇒axx2−a2−ab×ax=ab+b2⇒x2−a2−ab=ab+b2⇒x2=a2+ab+ab+b2⇒x2=a2+2ab+b2⇒x2=(a+b)2⇒x2−(a+b)2=0⇒(x−(a+b))(x+(a+b))=0⇒x=a+b or x=−(a+b).
Hence, x = a + b or -(a + b).
Question 15(i)
Solve :
(x1200+2)(x−10)−1200=60.
Answer
Given,
⇒(x1200+2)(x−10)−1200=60⇒x(1200+2x)(x−10)=60+1200⇒x1200x−12000+2x2−20x=1260⇒2x2+1180x−12000=1260x⇒2x2+1180x−1260x−12000=0⇒2x2−80x−12000=0⇒2(x2−40x−6000)=0⇒x2−40x−6000=0⇒x2−100x+60x−6000=0⇒x(x−100)+60(x−100)=0⇒(x+60)(x−100)=0⇒(x+60)=0 or (x−100)=0⇒x=−60 or x=100.
Hence, x = -60 or 100.
Question 15(ii)
Solve :
x+314−1=x+15
Answer
Given,
⇒x+314−1=x+15⇒x+314−(x+3)=x+15⇒x+314−x−3=x+15⇒x+311−x=x+15⇒(11−x)(x+1)=5(x+3)⇒11x+11−x2−x=5x+15⇒−x2+10x+11=5x+15⇒−x2+10x−5x+11−15=0⇒−x2+5x−4=0⇒x2−5x+4=0⇒x2−4x−x+4=0⇒x(x−4)−1(x−4)=0⇒(x−1)(x−4)=0⇒x=1 or x=4.
Hence, x = 1, 4.
Question 15(iii)
Solve :
2x2 + ax - a2 = 0
Answer
Given,
⇒ 2x2 + ax - a2 = 0
⇒ 2x2 + 2ax - ax - a2 = 0
⇒ 2x(x + a) - a(x + a) = 0
⇒ (2x - a)(x + a) = 0
⇒ (2x - a) = 0 or (x + a) = 0
⇒ x = 2a or x = -a
Hence, x = 2a or -a.
Question 15(iv)
Solve :
2x+9+x=13
Answer
Given,
⇒2x+9+x=13⇒2x+9=13−xSquaring both sides, we get :⇒(2x+9)2=(13−x)2⇒2x+9=169−26x+x2⇒x2−26x−2x+169−9=0⇒x2−28x+160=0⇒x2−20x−8x+160=0⇒x(x−20)−8(x−20)=0⇒(x−20)(x−8)=0⇒x=20 or x=8
Substituting value of x = 20, in L.H.S of equation 2x+9+x=13, we get:
⇒2(20)+9+20⇒40+9+20⇒49+20⇒7+20=27
L.H.S ≠ R.H.S
x = 20 is not valid
Substituting value of x = 8, in L.H.S of equation 2x+9+x=13, we get:
⇒2(8)+9+8⇒16+9+8⇒25+8⇒5+8⇒13
L.H.S = R.H.S
x = 8 is valid
Hence, x = 8.
Question 15(v)
Solve :
x−1002800−x2800=21
Answer
⇒x−1002800−x2800=21⇒x(x−100)2800x−2800(x−100)=21⇒x2−100x2800x−2800x+280000=21⇒2(280000)=x2−100x⇒560000=x2−100x⇒x2−100x−560000=0⇒x2−800x+700x−560000=0⇒x(x−800)+700(x−800)=0⇒(x+700)(x−800)=0⇒x=−700 or x=800