KnowledgeBoat Logo
|
OPEN IN APP

Chapter 4

Fractions — Exercise 4(D)

Class - 6 RS Aggarwal Mathematics Solutions



Exercise 4(D)

Question 1

Find the sum :

(i) 27+37\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{3}{7}

(ii) 58+18\dfrac{5}{8} + \dfrac{1}{8}

(iii) 79+49\dfrac{7}{9} + \dfrac{4}{9}

(iv) 156+161\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{1}{6}

Answer

(i) 27+37\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{3}{7}

⇒2+37⇒57\Rightarrow \dfrac{2 + 3}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{5}{7}\\[1em]

Hence, 27+37=57\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{3}{7} = \dfrac{5}{7}.

(ii) 58+18\dfrac{5}{8} + \dfrac{1}{8}

⇒5+18⇒68⇒34\Rightarrow \dfrac{5 + 1}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{6}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{3}{4}\\[1em]

Hence, 58+18=34\dfrac{5}{8} + \dfrac{1}{8} = \dfrac{3}{4}.

(iii) 79+49\dfrac{7}{9} + \dfrac{4}{9}

⇒7+49⇒119⇒129\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 + 4}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{11}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{2}{9}\\[1em]

Hence, 79+49=129\dfrac{7}{9} + \dfrac{4}{9} = 1\dfrac{2}{9}.

(iv) 156+161\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{1}{6}

⇒116+16⇒11+16⇒126⇒2\Rightarrow \dfrac{11}{6} + \dfrac{1}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{11 + 1}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{12}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2

Hence, 156+161\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{1}{6} = 2.

Question 2

Find the sum :

(i) 514+314+114\dfrac{5}{14} + \dfrac{3}{14} + \dfrac{1}{14}

(ii) 712+512+1112\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{11}{12}

(iii) 178+38+1581\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{3}{8} + 1\dfrac{5}{8}

Answer

(i) 514+314+114\dfrac{5}{14} + \dfrac{3}{14} + \dfrac{1}{14}

⇒5+3+114⇒914\Rightarrow \dfrac{5 + 3 + 1}{14}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{9}{14}\\[1em]

Hence, 514+314+114=914\dfrac{5}{14} + \dfrac{3}{14} + \dfrac{1}{14} = \dfrac{9}{14}.

(ii) 712+512+1112\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{11}{12}

⇒7+5+1112⇒2312⇒11112\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 + 5 + 11}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{23}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{11}{12}\\[1em]

Hence, 712+512+1112=11112\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{11}{12} = 1\dfrac{11}{12}.

(iii) 178+38+1581\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{3}{8} + 1\dfrac{5}{8}

⇒158+38+138⇒15+3+138⇒318⇒378\Rightarrow \dfrac{15}{8} + \dfrac{3}{8} + \dfrac{13}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{15 + 3 + 13}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{31}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 3\dfrac{7}{8}\\[1em]

Hence, 178+38+158=3781\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{3}{8} + 1\dfrac{5}{8} = 3\dfrac{7}{8}.

Question 3

Find the sum :

(i) 49+56\dfrac{4}{9} + \dfrac{5}{6}

(ii) 512+916\dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{9}{16}

(iii) 712+1318\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{13}{18}

Answer

(i) 49+56\dfrac{4}{9} + \dfrac{5}{6}

LCM of 9 and 6 = 18

⇒4×29×2+5×36×3⇒818+1518⇒8+1518⇒2318⇒1518\Rightarrow \dfrac{4 \times 2}{9 \times 2} + \dfrac{5 \times 3}{6 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{8}{18} + \dfrac{15}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{8 + 15}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{23}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{5}{18}

Hence, 49+56=1518\dfrac{4}{9} + \dfrac{5}{6} = 1\dfrac{5}{18}

(ii) 512+916\dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{9}{16}

LCM of 12 and 16 = 48

⇒5×412×4+9×316×3⇒2048+2748⇒20+2748⇒4748\Rightarrow \dfrac{5 \times 4}{12 \times 4} + \dfrac{9 \times 3}{16 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20}{48} + \dfrac{27}{48}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20 + 27}{48}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{47}{48}

Hence, 512+916=4748\dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{9}{16} = \dfrac{47}{48}

(iii) 712+1318\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{13}{18}

LCM of 12 and 18 = 36

⇒7×312×3+13×218×2⇒2136+2636⇒21+2636⇒4736⇒11136\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 \times 3}{12 \times 3} + \dfrac{13 \times 2}{18 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{21}{36} + \dfrac{26}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{21 + 26}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{47}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{11}{36}

Hence, 712+1318=11136\dfrac{7}{12} + \dfrac{13}{18} = 1\dfrac{11}{36}

Question 4

Find the sum :

(i) 310+815+720\dfrac{3}{10} + \dfrac{8}{15} + \dfrac{7}{20}

(ii) 78+916+1724\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{9}{16} + \dfrac{17}{24}

(iii) 56+89+1118+1327\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{8}{9} + \dfrac{11}{18} + \dfrac{13}{27}

Answer

(i) 310+815+720\dfrac{3}{10} + \dfrac{8}{15} + \dfrac{7}{20}

LCM of 10, 15 and 20 = 60

⇒3×610×6+8×415×4+7×320×3⇒1860+3260+2160⇒18+32+2160⇒7160⇒11160\Rightarrow \dfrac{3 \times 6}{10 \times 6} + \dfrac{8 \times 4}{15 \times 4} + \dfrac{7 \times 3}{20 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{18}{60} + \dfrac{32}{60} + \dfrac{21}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{18 + 32 + 21}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{71}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{11}{60}

Hence, 310+815+720=11160\dfrac{3}{10} + \dfrac{8}{15} + \dfrac{7}{20} = 1\dfrac{11}{60}

(ii) 78+916+1724\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{9}{16} + \dfrac{17}{24}

LCM of 8, 16 and 24 = 48

⇒7×68×6+9×316×3+17×224×2⇒4248+2748+3448⇒42+27+3448⇒10348⇒2748\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 \times 6}{8 \times 6} + \dfrac{9 \times 3}{16 \times 3} + \dfrac{17 \times 2}{24 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{42}{48} + \dfrac{27}{48} + \dfrac{34}{48}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{42 + 27 + 34}{48}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{103}{48}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{7}{48}

Hence, 78+916+1724=2748\dfrac{7}{8} + \dfrac{9}{16} + \dfrac{17}{24} = 2\dfrac{7}{48}

(iii) 56+89+1118+1327\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{8}{9} + \dfrac{11}{18} + \dfrac{13}{27}

LCM of 6, 9, 18 and 27 = 54

⇒5×96×9+8×69×6+11×318×3+13×227×2⇒4554+4854+3354+2654⇒45+48+33+2654⇒15254⇒7627⇒22227\Rightarrow \dfrac{5 \times 9}{6 \times 9} + \dfrac{8 \times 6}{9 \times 6} + \dfrac{11 \times 3}{18 \times 3} + \dfrac{13 \times 2}{27 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{45}{54} + \dfrac{48}{54} + \dfrac{33}{54} + \dfrac{26}{54}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{45 + 48 + 33 + 26}{54}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{152}{54}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{76}{27}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{22}{27}

Hence, 56+89+1118+1327=22227\dfrac{5}{6} + \dfrac{8}{9} + \dfrac{11}{18} + \dfrac{13}{27} = 2\dfrac{22}{27}

Question 5

Find the sum :

(i) 416+258+37124\dfrac{1}{6} + 2\dfrac{5}{8} + 3\dfrac{7}{12}

(ii) 112+223+334+4451\dfrac{1}{2} + 2\dfrac{2}{3} + 3\dfrac{3}{4} + 4\dfrac{4}{5}

(iii) 313+229+412+113183\dfrac{1}{3} + 2\dfrac{2}{9} + 4\dfrac{1}{2} + 1\dfrac{13}{18}

Answer

(i) 416+258+37124\dfrac{1}{6} + 2\dfrac{5}{8} + 3\dfrac{7}{12}

LCM of 6, 8 and 12 = 24

⇒256+218+4312⇒25×46×4+21×38×3+43×212×2⇒10024+6324+8624⇒100+63+8624⇒24924⇒838⇒1038\Rightarrow \dfrac{25}{6} + \dfrac{21}{8} + \dfrac{43}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{25 \times 4}{6 \times 4} + \dfrac{21 \times 3}{8 \times 3} + \dfrac{43 \times 2}{12 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{100}{24} + \dfrac{63}{24} + \dfrac{86}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{100 + 63 + 86}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{249}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{83}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 10\dfrac{3}{8}

Hence, 416+258+3712=10384\dfrac{1}{6} + 2\dfrac{5}{8} + 3\dfrac{7}{12} = 10\dfrac{3}{8}

(ii) 112+223+334+4451\dfrac{1}{2} + 2\dfrac{2}{3} + 3\dfrac{3}{4} + 4\dfrac{4}{5}

LCM of 2, 3, 4 and 5 = 60

⇒32+83+154+245⇒3×302×30+8×203×20+15×154×15+24×125×12⇒9060+16060+22560+28860⇒90+160+225+28860⇒76360⇒124360\Rightarrow \dfrac{3}{2} + \dfrac{8}{3} + \dfrac{15}{4} + \dfrac{24}{5}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{3 \times 30}{2 \times 30} + \dfrac{8 \times 20}{3 \times 20} + \dfrac{15 \times 15}{4 \times 15} + \dfrac{24 \times 12}{5 \times 12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{90}{60} + \dfrac{160}{60} + \dfrac{225}{60} + \dfrac{288}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{90 + 160 + 225 + 288}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{763}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 12\dfrac{43}{60}

Hence, 112+223+334+445=1243601\dfrac{1}{2} + 2\dfrac{2}{3} + 3\dfrac{3}{4} + 4\dfrac{4}{5} = 12\dfrac{43}{60}

(iii) 313+229+412+113183\dfrac{1}{3} + 2\dfrac{2}{9} + 4\dfrac{1}{2} + 1\dfrac{13}{18}

LCM of 3, 9, 2 and 18 = 18

⇒103+209+92+3118⇒10×63×6+20×29×2+9×92×9+31×118×1⇒6018+4018+8118+3118⇒60+40+81+3118⇒21218⇒1069⇒1179\Rightarrow \dfrac{10}{3} + \dfrac{20}{9} + \dfrac{9}{2} + \dfrac{31}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{10 \times 6}{3 \times 6} + \dfrac{20 \times 2}{9 \times 2} + \dfrac{9 \times 9}{2 \times 9} + \dfrac{31 \times 1}{18 \times 1}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{60}{18} + \dfrac{40}{18} + \dfrac{81}{18} + \dfrac{31}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{60 + 40 + 81 + 31}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{212}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{106}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 11\dfrac{7}{9}\\[1em]

Hence, 313+229+412+11318=11793\dfrac{1}{3} + 2\dfrac{2}{9} + 4\dfrac{1}{2} + 1\dfrac{13}{18} = 11\dfrac{7}{9}

Question 6

Find the difference :

(i) 911−511\dfrac{9}{11} - \dfrac{5}{11}

(ii) 857−678\dfrac{5}{7} - \dfrac{6}{7}

(iii) 338−1783\dfrac{3}{8} - 1\dfrac{7}{8}

(iv) 74−34\dfrac{7}{4} - \dfrac{3}{4}

Answer

(i) 911−511\dfrac{9}{11} - \dfrac{5}{11}

⇒9−511⇒411\Rightarrow \dfrac{9 - 5}{11}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{4}{11}

Hence, 911−511=411\dfrac{9}{11} - \dfrac{5}{11} = \dfrac{4}{11}.

(ii) 857−678\dfrac{5}{7} - \dfrac{6}{7}

⇒617−67⇒61−67⇒557=767\Rightarrow \dfrac{61}{7} - \dfrac{6}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{61 - 6}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{55}{7} = 7\dfrac{6}{7}

Hence, 857−67=7678\dfrac{5}{7} - \dfrac{6}{7} = 7\dfrac{6}{7}.

(iii) 338−1783\dfrac{3}{8} - 1\dfrac{7}{8}

⇒278−158⇒27−158⇒128⇒32=112\Rightarrow \dfrac{27}{8} - \dfrac{15}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{27 - 15}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{12}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{3}{2} = 1\dfrac{1}{2}

Hence, 338−178=1123\dfrac{3}{8} - 1\dfrac{7}{8} = 1\dfrac{1}{2}.

(iv) 74−34\dfrac{7}{4} - \dfrac{3}{4}

⇒7−34⇒44⇒1\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 - 3}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{4}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1

Hence, 74−34=1\dfrac{7}{4} - \dfrac{3}{4} = 1.

Question 7

Find the difference :

(i) 715−920\dfrac{7}{15} - \dfrac{9}{20}

(ii) 417−21144\dfrac{1}{7} - 2\dfrac{1}{14}

(iii) 178−5121\dfrac{7}{8} - \dfrac{5}{12}

(iv) 5−2345 - 2\dfrac{3}{4}

Answer

(i) 715−920\dfrac{7}{15} - \dfrac{9}{20}

LCM of 15 and 20 = 60

⇒7×415×4−9×320×3⇒2860−2760⇒28−2760⇒160\Rightarrow \dfrac{7 \times 4}{15 \times 4} - \dfrac{9 \times 3}{20 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{28}{60} - \dfrac{27}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{28 - 27}{60}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{60}\\[1em]

Hence, 715−920=160\dfrac{7}{15} - \dfrac{9}{20} = \dfrac{1}{60}

(ii) 417−21144\dfrac{1}{7} - 2\dfrac{1}{14}

LCM of 7 and 14 = 14

⇒297−2914⇒29×27×2−29×114×1⇒5814−2914⇒58−2914⇒2914⇒2114\Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{7} - \dfrac{29}{14}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29 \times 2}{7 \times 2} - \dfrac{29 \times 1}{14 \times 1}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{58}{14} - \dfrac{29}{14}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{58 - 29}{14}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{14}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{1}{14}\\[1em]

Hence, 417−2114=21144\dfrac{1}{7} - 2\dfrac{1}{14} = 2\dfrac{1}{14}

(iii) 178−5121\dfrac{7}{8} - \dfrac{5}{12}

LCM of 8 and 12 = 24

⇒158−512⇒15×38×3−5×212×2⇒4524−1024⇒45−1024⇒3524⇒11124\Rightarrow \dfrac{15}{8} - \dfrac{5}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{15 \times 3}{8 \times 3} - \dfrac{5 \times 2}{12 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{45}{24} - \dfrac{10}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{45 - 10}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{35}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{11}{24}\\[1em]

Hence, 178−512=111241\dfrac{7}{8} - \dfrac{5}{12} = 1\dfrac{11}{24}

(iv) 5−2345 - 2\dfrac{3}{4}

⇒51−114⇒5×41×4−114⇒204−114⇒20−114⇒94⇒214\Rightarrow \dfrac{5}{1} - \dfrac{11}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{5 \times 4}{1 \times 4} - \dfrac{11}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20}{4} - \dfrac{11}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20 - 11}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{9}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{1}{4}\\[1em]

Hence, 5−234=2145 - 2\dfrac{3}{4} = 2\dfrac{1}{4}

Question 8

Find the difference :

(i) 518−41125\dfrac{1}{8} - 4\dfrac{1}{12}

(ii) 616−37106\dfrac{1}{6} - 3\dfrac{7}{10}

(iii) 12−65812 - 6\dfrac{5}{8}

Answer

(i) 518−41125\dfrac{1}{8} - 4\dfrac{1}{12}

LCM of 8 and 12 = 24

⇒418−4912⇒41×38×3−49×212×2⇒12324−9824⇒123−9824⇒2524⇒1124\Rightarrow \dfrac{41}{8} - \dfrac{49}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{41 \times 3}{8 \times 3} - \dfrac{49 \times 2}{12 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{123}{24} - \dfrac{98}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{123 - 98}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{25}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{1}{24}

Hence, 518−4112=11245\dfrac{1}{8} - 4\dfrac{1}{12} = 1\dfrac{1}{24}

(ii) 616−37106\dfrac{1}{6} - 3\dfrac{7}{10}

LCM of 6 and 10 = 30

⇒376−3710⇒37×56×5−37×310×3⇒18530−11130⇒185−11130⇒7430⇒3715⇒2715\Rightarrow \dfrac{37}{6} - \dfrac{37}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{37 \times 5}{6 \times 5} - \dfrac{37 \times 3}{10 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{185}{30} - \dfrac{111}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{185 - 111}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{74}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{37}{15}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{7}{15}

Hence, 616−3710=27156\dfrac{1}{6} - 3\dfrac{7}{10} = 2\dfrac{7}{15}

(iii) 12−65812 - 6\dfrac{5}{8}

⇒121−538⇒12×81×8−53×18×1⇒968−538⇒96−538⇒438⇒538\Rightarrow \dfrac{12}{1} - \dfrac{53}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{12 \times 8}{1 \times 8} - \dfrac{53 \times 1}{8 \times 1}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{96}{8} - \dfrac{53}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{96 - 53}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{43}{8}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 5\dfrac{3}{8}

Hence, 12−658=53812 - 6\dfrac{5}{8} = 5\dfrac{3}{8}

Question 9

Simplify :

49−512+14\dfrac{4}{9} - \dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{1}{4}

Answer

LCM of 9, 12 and 4 = 36

⇒4×49×4−5×312×3+1×94×9⇒1636−1536+936⇒16−15+936⇒16−636⇒1036⇒518\Rightarrow \dfrac{4 \times 4}{9 \times 4} - \dfrac{5 \times 3}{12 \times 3} + \dfrac{1 \times 9}{4 \times 9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{16}{36} - \dfrac{15}{36} + \dfrac{9}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{16 - 15 + 9}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{16 - 6}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{10}{36}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{5}{18}

Hence, 49−512+14=518\dfrac{4}{9} - \dfrac{5}{12} + \dfrac{1}{4} = \dfrac{5}{18}.

Question 10

Simplify :

623+416−2296\dfrac{2}{3} + 4\dfrac{1}{6} - 2\dfrac{2}{9}

Answer

Solving,

⇒623+416−229⇒203+256−209⇒20×63×6+25×36×3−20×29×2⇒12018+7518−4018⇒120+75−4018⇒195−4018⇒15518⇒81118.\Rightarrow 6\dfrac{2}{3} + 4\dfrac{1}{6} - 2\dfrac{2}{9} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20}{3} + \dfrac{25}{6} - \dfrac{20}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{20 \times 6}{3 \times 6} + \dfrac{25 \times 3}{6 \times 3} - \dfrac{20 \times 2}{9 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{120}{18} + \dfrac{75}{18} - \dfrac{40}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{120 + 75 - 40}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{195 - 40}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{155}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 8\dfrac{11}{18}.

Hence, 623+416−229=811186\dfrac{2}{3} + 4\dfrac{1}{6} - 2\dfrac{2}{9} = 8\dfrac{11}{18}.

Question 11

Simplify :

9−412−2159 - 4\dfrac{1}{2} - 2\dfrac{1}{5}

Answer

LCM of 2 and 5 = 10

⇒91−92−115⇒9×101×10−9×52×5−11×25×2⇒9010−4510−2210⇒90−45−2210⇒45−2210⇒2310⇒2310\Rightarrow \dfrac{9}{1} - \dfrac{9}{2} - \dfrac{11}{5}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{9 \times 10}{1 \times 10} - \dfrac{9 \times 5}{2 \times 5} - \dfrac{11 \times 2}{5 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{90}{10} - \dfrac{45}{10} - \dfrac{22}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{90 - 45 - 22}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{45 - 22}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{23}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2\dfrac{3}{10}\\[1em]

Hence, 9−412−215=23109 - 4\dfrac{1}{2} - 2\dfrac{1}{5} = 2\dfrac{3}{10}.

Question 12

Simplify :

1034−518−451210\dfrac{3}{4} - 5\dfrac{1}{8} - 4\dfrac{5}{12}

Answer

LCM of 4, 8 and 12 = 24

⇒434−418−5312⇒43×64×6−41×38×3−53×212×2⇒25824−12324−10624⇒258−123−10624⇒135−10624⇒2924⇒1524\Rightarrow \dfrac{43}{4} - \dfrac{41}{8} - \dfrac{53}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{43 \times 6}{4 \times 6} - \dfrac{41 \times 3}{8 \times 3} - \dfrac{53 \times 2}{12 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{258}{24} - \dfrac{123}{24} - \dfrac{106}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{258 - 123 - 106}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{135 - 106}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 1\dfrac{5}{24}\\[1em]

Hence, 1034−518−4512=152410\dfrac{3}{4} - 5\dfrac{1}{8} - 4\dfrac{5}{12} = 1\dfrac{5}{24}.

Question 13

Simplify :

645−3415+43106\dfrac{4}{5} - 3\dfrac{4}{15} + 4\dfrac{3}{10}

Answer

LCM of 5, 15 and 10 = 30

⇒345−4915+4310⇒34×65×6−49×215×2+43×310×3⇒20430−9830+12930⇒204−98+12930⇒204+3130⇒23530⇒476⇒756\Rightarrow \dfrac{34}{5} - \dfrac{49}{15} + \dfrac{43}{10}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{34 \times 6}{5 \times 6} - \dfrac{49 \times 2}{15 \times 2} + \dfrac{43 \times 3}{10 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{204}{30} - \dfrac{98}{30} + \dfrac{129}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{204 - 98 + 129}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{204 + 31}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{235}{30}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{47}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 7\dfrac{5}{6}

Hence, 645−3415+4310=7566\dfrac{4}{5} - 3\dfrac{4}{15} + 4\dfrac{3}{10} = 7\dfrac{5}{6}.

Question 14

Simplify :

4512+31118−27244\dfrac{5}{12} + 3\dfrac{11}{18} - 2\dfrac{7}{24}

Answer

LCM of 12, 18 and 24 = 72

⇒5312+6518−5524⇒53×612×6+65×418×4−55×324×3⇒31872+26072−16572⇒318+260−16572⇒578−16572⇒41372⇒55372\Rightarrow \dfrac{53}{12} + \dfrac{65}{18} - \dfrac{55}{24}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{53 \times 6}{12 \times 6} + \dfrac{65 \times 4}{18 \times 4} - \dfrac{55 \times 3}{24 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{318}{72} + \dfrac{260}{72} - \dfrac{165}{72}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{318 + 260 - 165}{72}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{578 - 165}{72}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{413}{72}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 5\dfrac{53}{72}

Hence, 4512+31118−2724=553724\dfrac{5}{12} + 3\dfrac{11}{18} - 2\dfrac{7}{24} = 5\dfrac{53}{72}.

Question 15

Subtract the sum of 9349\dfrac{3}{4} and 3563\dfrac{5}{6} from 1571215\dfrac{7}{12}.

Answer

Sum of 9349\dfrac{3}{4} and 3563\dfrac{5}{6}.

LCM of 4 and 6 = 12

⇒394+236⇒39×34×3+23×26×2⇒11712+4612⇒117+4612⇒16312\Rightarrow \dfrac{39}{4} + \dfrac{23}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{39 \times 3}{4 \times 3} + \dfrac{23 \times 2}{6 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{117}{12} + \dfrac{46}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{117 + 46}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{163}{12}\\[1em]

Subtract 16312\dfrac{163}{12} from 1571215\dfrac{7}{12}

⇒18712−16312⇒187−16312⇒2412⇒2\Rightarrow \dfrac{187}{12} - \dfrac{163}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{187 - 163}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{24}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 2

Hence, 15712−(934+356)=215\dfrac{7}{12} - (9\dfrac{3}{4} + 3\dfrac{5}{6}) = 2.

Question 16

Subtract the sum of 25122\dfrac{5}{12} and 3343\dfrac{3}{4} from the sum of 7137\dfrac{1}{3} and 5165\dfrac{1}{6}.

Answer

The sum of 25122\dfrac{5}{12} and 3343\dfrac{3}{4}.

LCM of 12 and 4 = 12

⇒2912+154⇒2912+15×34×3⇒2912+4512⇒29+4512⇒7412⇒376\Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{12} + \dfrac{15}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{12} + \dfrac{15 \times 3}{4 \times 3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29}{12} + \dfrac{45}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{29 + 45}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{74}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{37}{6}\\[1em]

The sum of 7137\dfrac{1}{3} and 5165\dfrac{1}{6}.

LCM of 3 and 6 = 6

⇒223+316⇒22×23×2+316⇒446+316⇒44+316⇒756⇒252\Rightarrow \dfrac{22}{3} + \dfrac{31}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{22 \times 2}{3 \times 2} + \dfrac{31}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{44}{6} + \dfrac{31}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{44 + 31}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{75}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{25}{2}\\[1em]

Subtract 376\dfrac{37}{6} from 252\dfrac{25}{2}

LCM of 6 and 2 = 6

⇒252−376⇒25×32×3−376⇒756−376⇒75−376⇒386⇒193⇒613\Rightarrow \dfrac{25}{2} - \dfrac{37}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{25 \times 3}{2 \times 3} - \dfrac{37}{6} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{75}{6} - \dfrac{37}{6} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{75 - 37}{6} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{38}{6} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{19}{3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 6\dfrac{1}{3}\\[1em]

Hence, final result = 6136\dfrac{1}{3}.

Question 17

What should be added to 9479\dfrac{4}{7} to get 16?

Answer

Let the number that should be added to 9479\dfrac{4}{7} be x.

⇒947+x=16⇒677+x=16⇒x=16−677⇒x=16×77−677⇒x=1127−677⇒x=112−677⇒x=457⇒x=637\Rightarrow 9\dfrac{4}{7} + x = 16\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{67}{7} + x = 16\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 16 - \dfrac{67}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{16 \times 7}{7} - \dfrac{67}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{112}{7} - \dfrac{67}{7}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{112 - 67}{7} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{45}{7} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 6\dfrac{3}{7}

Hence, the number = 6376\dfrac{3}{7}.

Question 18

What must be subtracted from 9169\dfrac{1}{6} to get 6196\dfrac{1}{9}?

Answer

Let the number that can be subtracted be x.

⇒916−x=619⇒556−x=559⇒x=556−559\Rightarrow 9\dfrac{1}{6} - x = 6\dfrac{1}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{55}{6} - x = \dfrac{55}{9}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{55}{6} - \dfrac{55}{9}\\[1em]

LCM of 6 and 9 = 18

⇒x=55×36×3−55×29×2⇒x=16518−11018⇒x=165−11018⇒x=5518⇒x=3118\Rightarrow x = \dfrac{55 \times 3}{6 \times 3} - \dfrac{55 \times 2}{9 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{165}{18} - \dfrac{110}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{165 - 110}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{55}{18}\\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 3\dfrac{1}{18}\\[1em]

Hence, the number = 31183\dfrac{1}{18}.

Question 19

Of 1720\dfrac{17}{20} and 2125\dfrac{21}{25}, which is greater and by how much?

Answer

To compare the fractions 1720\dfrac{17}{20} and 2125\dfrac{21}{25} ​, we find a common denominator, which is the LCM of 20 and 25. The LCM = 100.

⇒1720−2125⇒17×520×5−21×425×4⇒85100−84100⇒85−84100⇒1100\Rightarrow \dfrac{17}{20} - \dfrac{21}{25}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{17 \times 5}{20 \times 5} - \dfrac{21 \times 4}{25 \times 4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{85}{100} - \dfrac{84}{100}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{85 - 84}{100}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{1}{100}

Hence, 1720\dfrac{17}{20} is greater by 1100\dfrac{1}{100}.

Question 20

The sum of two fractions is 1451214\dfrac{5}{12}. If one of them is 7237\dfrac{2}{3}, find the other.

Answer

Given, the sum of two fractions = 1451214\dfrac{5}{12}.

One of them = 7237\dfrac{2}{3}.

Other number

⇒14512−723⇒17312−233\Rightarrow 14\dfrac{5}{12} - 7\dfrac{2}{3}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{173}{12} - \dfrac{23}{3}\\[1em]

LCM of 12 and 3 = 12.

⇒17312−23×43×4⇒17312−9212⇒173−9212⇒8112⇒274⇒634\Rightarrow \dfrac{173}{12} - \dfrac{23\times 4}{3\times 4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{173}{12} - \dfrac{92}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{173 - 92}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{81}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{27}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 6\dfrac{3}{4}

Hence, the other number = 6346\dfrac{3}{4}.

Question 21

From a piece of wire 123412\dfrac{3}{4} m long, a small piece of length 3563\dfrac{5}{6} m has been cut off. What is the length of the remaining piece?

Answer

Given, total length of wire = 123412\dfrac{3}{4} m

Piece of wire that has been cut off = 3563\dfrac{5}{6} m

Remaining piece

⇒1234−356⇒514−236\Rightarrow 12\dfrac{3}{4} - 3\dfrac{5}{6}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{51}{4} - \dfrac{23}{6}\\[1em]

LCM of 4 and 6 = 12

⇒51×34×3−23×26×2⇒15312−4612⇒153−4612⇒10712⇒81112\Rightarrow \dfrac{51 \times 3}{4 \times 3} - \dfrac{23 \times 2}{6 \times 2}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{153}{12} - \dfrac{46}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{153 - 46}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{107}{12}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 8\dfrac{11}{12}\\[1em]

Hence, the length of the remaining piece = 811128\dfrac{11}{12} m.

Question 22

Three boxes weigh 9129\dfrac{1}{2} kg, 141514\dfrac{1}{5} kg and 183418\dfrac{3}{4} kg respectively. A porter carries all the three boxes. What is the total weight carried by the porter?

Answer

Given, weight of three boxes = 9129\dfrac{1}{2} kg, 141514\dfrac{1}{5} kg and 183418\dfrac{3}{4} kg

LCM of 2, 5 and 4 = 20

Total weight

⇒912+1415+1834⇒192+715+754⇒19×102×10+71×45×4+75×54×5⇒19020+28420+37520⇒190+284+37520⇒84920⇒42920\Rightarrow 9\dfrac{1}{2} + 14\dfrac{1}{5} + 18\dfrac{3}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{19}{2} + \dfrac{71}{5} + \dfrac{75}{4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{19 \times 10}{2 \times 10} + \dfrac{71 \times 4}{5 \times 4} + \dfrac{75 \times 5}{4 \times 5}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{190}{20} + \dfrac{284}{20} + \dfrac{375}{20}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{190 + 284 + 375}{20}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{849}{20}\\[1em] \Rightarrow 42\dfrac{9}{20}

Hence, the total weight carried by the porter = 4292042\dfrac{9}{20} kg.

Question 23

On one day, a labourer earned ₹ 125. Out of this money, he spent ₹ 681268\dfrac{1}{2} on food, ₹ 203420\dfrac{3}{4} on tea and ₹ 162516\dfrac{2}{5} on other eatables. How much does he save on that day?

Answer

Given, expenses = ₹ 681268\dfrac{1}{2} on food, ₹ 203420\dfrac{3}{4} on tea and ₹ 162516\dfrac{2}{5} on other eatables

Total

⇒6812+2034+1625⇒1372+834+825\Rightarrow 68\dfrac{1}{2} + 20\dfrac{3}{4} + 16\dfrac{2}{5}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{137}{2} + \dfrac{83}{4} + \dfrac{82}{5}\\[1em]

LCM of 2, 4 and 5 = 20

⇒137×102×10+83×54×5+82×45×4⇒137020+41520+32820⇒1370+415+32820⇒211320⇒1051320\Rightarrow \dfrac{137 \times 10}{2 \times 10} + \dfrac{83 \times 5}{4 \times 5} + \dfrac{82 \times 4}{5 \times 4}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{1370}{20} + \dfrac{415}{20} + \dfrac{328}{20}\\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{1370 + 415 + 328}{20} \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{2113}{20} \\[1em] \Rightarrow 105\dfrac{13}{20}

Savings = Income − Total expenses

Savings =125−211320=125×2020−211320=250020−211320=2500−211320=38720=19720\text{Savings }= 125 - \dfrac{2113}{20}\\[1em] = \dfrac{125 \times 20}{20} - \dfrac{2113}{20}\\[1em] = \dfrac{2500}{20} - \dfrac{2113}{20}\\[1em] = \dfrac{2500 - 2113}{20}\\[1em] = \dfrac{387}{20}\\[1em] = 19\dfrac{7}{20}

Hence, savings = ₹19720₹19\dfrac{7}{20}.

PrevNext