Assertion (A): For any three whole numbers a, b and c, we have a x (b + c) = a x b + a x c.
Reason (R): The multiplication of whole numbers is associative.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Answer
For any three whole numbers a, b and c, we have a x (b + c) = a x b + a x c.
This statement is the definition of the Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition.
∴ Assertion (A) is true.
The multiplication of whole numbers is associative.
This statement is the definition of the Associative Property of Multiplication, which states that for any three whole numbers a, b, and c, we have (a × b) × c = a × (b × c). This is also a fundamental and true property of whole numbers.
∴ Reason (R) is true.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Hence, option 2 is the correct option.
Assertion (A): On simplifying 5 x 4 ÷ 2 - 1, we get 20.
Reason (R): For simplifying an expression we use DMAS rule.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Answer
Given,
5 x 4 ÷ 2 - 1
= 5 x 2 - 1
= 10 - 1
= 9
∴ Assertion (A) is false.
For simplifying an expression we use DMAS rule.
This statement correctly identifies the standard order of operations (Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction) used in arithmetic.
∴ Reason (R) is true.
Hence, option 4 is the correct option.