Tick the right option
Question 1
One of the following is an old fold mountain
- Aravallis
- Alps
- Mt. Kilimanjaro
- Himalayas
Answer
Aravallis
Question 2
Tibetan plateau is a
- Peidmont plateau
- Intermontane plateau
- Volcanic plateau
- None of these
Answer
Intermontane plateau
Question 3
Block mountains are formed due to
- folding
- faulting
- volcanic eruption
- all of these
Answer
faulting
Question 4
Gangetic plains are formed by
- erosion
- deposition
- upliftment
- subsidence
Answer
deposition
Question 5
These are surrounded by mountain ranges on one side and plain or ocean on the opposite side
- intermontane plateau
- dissected plateau
- border plateau
- volcanic plateau
Answer
border plateau
Question 6
Compressional forces may lead to the formation of
- faults
- fold mountains
- volcano
- perennial lined well
Answer
fold mountains
Question 7
Anticline is the upraised part of a ............... .
- fault plane
- Syncline
- fold
- fault
Answer
fold
Question 8
Fold mountains are mostly constituted of ............... rocks.
- sedimentary
- metamorphic
- igneous
Answer
sedimentary
Question 9
Horst is the result of
- faulting
- deposition
- erosion
- folding
Answer
faulting
Question 10
It releases gas, ash, solid rocks and lava
- Rift valley
- Plateau
- volcano
- plains
Answer
volcano
Question 11
Volcanic eruption and earthquakes are part of which force
- exogenic force
- diastrophic movement
- endogenic forces
Answer
endogenic forces
Question 12
Which is not a volcanic mountain?
- Mt. Kilimanjaro
- Mt. Fujiyama
- Mt. Everest
Answer
Mt. Everest
Question 13
Plains formed as a result of emergence of sea bottom are
- erosional plains
- structural plains
- depositional plains
Answer
structural plains
Question 14
Which is not an example of old fold mountain?
- Appalachians
- Urals
- Aravalis
- Himalayas
Answer
Himalayas
Fill in the blanks
Question 1
Young fold mountains have ............... peaks.
Answer
Young fold mountains have pointed peaks.
Question 2
Most of the plateaus are storehouse of ............... .
Answer
Most of the plateaus are storehouse of minerals.
Question 3
Rift valley is located between two ............... .
Answer
Rift valley is located between two parallel faults.
Question 4
Appalachians are example of ............... fold mountains.
Answer
Appalachians are example of old fold mountains.
Differentiate between
Question 1
Old fold and young fold mountains
Answer
| Sl. No. | Old fold mountains | Young fold mountains |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | They are lower in height. | They are very high mountains. |
| 2. | They have rounded peaks and gentle slopes. | They have pointed peaks and steep slopes. |
| 3. | Examples: The Appalachians in North America, the Urals in Europe | Examples: The Himalayas in India, the Rockies in North America. |
Question 2
Rift Valley and block mountains
Answer
| Sl. No. | Rift Valley | Block Mountains |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Rift Valley is a lowland region that forms where earth's tectonic plates move apart or rift. | Block Mountains are formed as a result of faulting. |
| 2. | Rift Valley is bordered by faults zones and separated by land masses. | Block Mountains have steep sides, flat top and are enclosed by faults. |
| 3. | Examples: Vosges in France, Vindhyas in India | Examples: Rhine Valley of River Rhine, Rift Valley of river Narmada. |
Question 3
Erosional plains and depositional plains
| Sl. No. | Erosional Plains | Depositional Plains |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Erosional Plains are formed as a result of erosion by running water, wind and rivers. | Depositional Plains are formed as a result of deposition of sediments brought by rivers. |
| 2. | Example: Plains around Aravalli region | Example: Indo-Gangetic plains in India. |
Question 4
Intermontane and piedmont plateaus
Answer
| Sl. No. | Intermontane Plateaus | Piedmont Plateaus |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Intermontane Plateau is situated between two or more mountain ranges. | Piedmont Plateau is surrounded by mountain ranges on one side and bounded by a plain or an ocean on the opposite side. |
| 2. | Example: Tibetan Plateau | Example: Patagonian Plateau |
Answer in brief
Question 1
How are fold mountains formed? Give two examples of fold mountains?
Answer
The fold mountains are formed when earth's movement throws massive folds or ridges which form the mountains. These movements of earth are primarily horizontal movement and cause 'wrinkles' or 'folds'. The upraised parts of the folds are called anticlines and downward folds are called synclines. Two example of fold mountains are:
- The Himalayas in India
- Rockies in North America
Question 2
State two characteristics of block mountains.
Answer
Two characteristics of block mountains are:
- Block mountains are steep sided and flat topped.
- Block mountains are characterised by massiveness, steep slopes and comparatively smooth topography.
Question 3
How are rift valleys formed? Give one example of rift valley.
Answer
A Rift Valley is formed when earth's tectonic plates move apart or rift. It is a linear depression or trough created by the sinking of the intermediate crustal rocks between two or more parallel faults. Rhine Valley is one of the examples of Rift Valley.
Question 4
Compare life in the mountains and in the plains.
Answer
| Sl. No. | Life in the mountains | Life in the plains |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | People face the problem of conveyance as these regions are not well connected by roadways, railways and airways. | Conveyance is easy for people as levelled land makes it easy to construct roads and railway lines. |
| 2. | People have to face environmental and economical difficulties. There is sparse population | The fertile land promotes agriculture and irrigation is also cheap. It supports dense population. |
| 3. | They are centres of mining as they are rich in deposits of minerals. | Agriculture is the most important occupation. |
Question 5
What type of mountain is Mt. Kilimanjaro?
Answer
Mt. Kilimanjaro is a Volcanic mountain.
Question 6
Define structural plains.
Answer
The plains that are formed as a result of emergence of sea bottom near coast are known as structural plains.
Give reasons
Question 1
Young fold mountains have high peaks
Answer
Young fold mountains have high and pointed peaks because they are younger and have not been much eroded by wind or water. On the contrary, old fold mountains have been subjected to the forces of denudation (such as weather, rivers, glaciers) for a longer geological period. Due to this prolonged erosion, they are lower in height and have round peaks.
Question 2
Tibetan plateau is surrounded by mountains.
Answer
Tibetan plateau is an example of Intermontane plateau as it is surrounded by the Himalayas and the Kunlun mountains.
Question 3
Rift valley have steep sides
Answer
Rift valley have steep sides because they are formed as a linear depression or trough by the sinking of the intermediate crustal rocks between two or more parallel faults. Sudden rifting of tectonic plates leads to steep sides of Rift valley.
Picture study
Identify the following pictures and state one characteristic of each.
Answer
Rift Valley: They have steep sides.
Plains: They have very fertile soil.