Plant and Animal Tissues

A group of similar cells to perform a specific function forms a:

1. Organ
2. Species
3. Organ system
4. Tissue

Answer

Tissue

Reason — Similar cells organise to form tissue and perform a specific function.

The small fine branches given out from the cell body of a nerve cell are:

1. Dendrites
2. Cyton
3. Axon
4. Neurons

Answer

Dendrites

Reason — Dendrites are fine hair-like extensions from cyton.

Fluid connective tissue of humans is:

1. Blood and cartilage
2. Lymph and plasma
3. Blood and lymph
4. Stroma and matrix

Answer

blood and lymph

Reason — Blood (cells+plasma) and Lymph are the fluid connective tissue that are concerned with transportation of oxygen, glucose and amino acids etc.

Tissues organise to form :

1. Organ system
2. Organs
3. Organism
4. Cells

Answer

Organs

Reason — Tissues organise to form organs.

In which of the plant tissues, cells actively divide to form new cells ?

1. Parenchyma
2. Sclerenchyma
3. Meristematic tissue
4. Protective tissue

Answer

Meristematic tissue

Reason — Meristematic tissues are made up of actively dividing cells. Their only function is to produce more cells leading to the growth of the plant body.

Which of the following tissues consists of dead cells ?

1. Collenchyma
2. Meristems
3. Parenchyma
4. Sclerenchyma

Answer

Sclerenchyma

Reason — Sclerenchyma is composed of long, narrow and thick-walled dead cells to provide strength to the plant parts.

Which of the following tissues is found in the lining of the trachea ?

1. Ciliated epithelium
2. Cuboidal epithelium
3. Columnar epithelium
4. Squamous epithelium

Answer

Ciliated epithelium

Reason — In the lining of the trachea, the columnar epithelium has developed cilia. Such an epithelium is called ciliated epithelium.

Which of the following is not a kind of a fibrous connective tissue ?

1. Areolar tissue
2. Cartilage
3. Tendons
4. Ligaments

Answer

Cartilage

Reason — Cartilage is a Supportive connective tissue. It covers the ends of bones, and gives support to certain organs.

The non-cellular part of blood is :

1. Lymph
2. Serum
3. Plasma
4. Tissue fluid

Answer

Plasma

Reason — Plasma is the non-cellular (liquid) part of the blood.

The tissue in which the cells are filled with fat globules is :

1. Epithelial tissue
2. Adipose tissue
3. Nervous tissue
4. Areolar tissue

Answer

Adipose tissue

Reason — Adipose tissue contains cells filled with fat globules.

State whether the following statement are True or False.

1. A tissue is formed of only one type of cells.
2. Only one type of tissue forms an organ.
3. Permanent tissue is made up of undifferentiated and dividing cells.
4. Meristematic tissue is found at the growing tips of a plant.
5. Phloem is formed of dead tubular cells.

Answer

1. True

2. True

3. False
   Corrected statement — Permanent tissue is made up of differentiated and non-dividing cells.

4. True

5. False
   Corrected statement — Phloem is formed of living tubular cells.

Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the list given below:

[thin-walled, collenchyma, vascular, tissues, conducting]

1. A group of different ............... working together to perform a function is called an organ.
2. Xylem and phloem form the ............... tissue.
3. Conducting tissue is also called ............... tissue.
4. Cells are elongated and thick at the corners in ............... tissue.
5. Parenchyma is composed of large ............... cells.

Answer

1. tissues
2. conducting
3. vascular
4. collenchyma
5. thin-walled

Match the items given in Column A with those given in Column B:

Answer

Each of the tissues listed in Column A is related to one of the functions given in Column B. Match the correct pairs by drawing lines.

Answer

Name the kind of tissue that

1. Carries oxygen around your body

2. Brings about movement in animals

3. Transports food to different parts of a plant

4. Transports water in plants

5. Supports an animal's body

6. Binds different tissues together

7. Conducts messages from one part of the body to another

8. is found on the surface of roots, stems and leaves.

9. is composed of elongated cells, that are thick at the corners.

10. is composed of dead cells, that provides strength to the plant parts.

11. is richly located in the brain and spinal cord.

12. is striated and branched.

Answer

1. Carries oxygen around your body — Fluid connective tissue

2. Brings about movement in animals — Muscular tissue

3. Transports food to different parts of a plant — Phloem

4. Transports water in plants — Xylem

5. Supports an animal's body — Supportive connective tissue

6. Binds different tissues together — Fibrous connective tissue

7. Conducts messages from one part of the body to another — Nervous tissue

8. is found on the surface of roots, stems and leaves — Protective Tissue

9. is composed of elongated cells, that are thick at the corners — Collenchyma

10. is composed of dead cells, that provides strength to the plant parts — Sclerenchyma

11. is richly located in the brain and spinal cord — Nervous tissue

12. is striated and branched — Cardiac muscular tissue

Based on the following information, identify the three types of epithelial tissue in the figures given below:

(i) Cuboidal epithelium: It consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells.

(ii) Columnar epithelium: It is composed of tall, cylindrical cells with oval nuclei usually placed at the base of the cells.

(iii) Ciliated epithelium: It consists of cells bearing hair-like cilia on their free surface.

(a) ..............

(b) ..............

(c) ..............

Answer

(a) Cuboidal epithelium

(b) Columnar epithelium

(c) Ciliated epithelium

Given below are sets of four terms. Choose the odd one and write the category for the remaining terms :

1. Ligaments, Cardiac muscles, Tendons, Areolar tissue.
2. Collenchyma, Protective tissue, Sclerenchyma, Parenchyma.
3. Cuboidal tissue, Connective tissue, Columnar tissue, Ciliated tissue.
4. Striated, Cartilage, Cardiac, Unstriated muscle.
5. Cytons, Axons, Tendons, Dendrons.

Answer

1. Odd one — Cardiac muscles
   Category of the remaining terms — Fibrous Connective tissues

2. Odd one — Protective tissue
   Category of the remaining terms — Supporting tissues

3. Odd one — Connective tissue
   Category of the remaining terms — Epithelial tissues

4. Odd one — Cartilage
   Category of the remaining terms — Muscular tissues

5. Odd one — Tendons
   Category of the remaining terms — Parts of a Nerve cell/Neuron

Arrange the following terms in a proper logical sequence :

1. Organ system, Tissues, Cells, Organisms, Organs.
2. Cambium layer, Pith, Outer Bark, Inner bark.

Answer

1. Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ system, Organisms.
2. Pith, Cambium layer, Inner bark, Outer bark.

Note the relationship between the first two words and suggest a suitable word/words for the fourth place:

1. Bones : Skull :: Cartilage : ............... .
2. Covering : Epithelial :: Contractile : ............... .
3. Xylem : Vessels :: Phloem : ............... .
4. Cuboidal epithelium : Absorption :: Columnar epithelium : ............... .
5. Parenchyma : Stores starch :: Chlorenchyma : ............... .

Answer

1. Bones : Skull :: Cartilage : Trachea.
2. Covering : Epithelial :: Contractile : Muscular.
3. Xylem : Vessels :: Phloem : Sieve tubes.
4. Cuboidal epithelium : Absorption :: Columnar epithelium : Secretion.
5. Parenchyma : Stores starch :: Chlorenchyma : Performs photosynthesis.

Define the terms given below:

1. Tissue
2. Organ
3. Organ system
4. Sclerenchyma
5. Cartilage

Answer

1. Tissue — A group of similar cells which are specialised to perform specific function is known as tissue. For example muscle tissue, skin tissue.

2. Organ — A differentiated structure formed by group of similar tissues, which is specialised to perform a specific function is called an organ.

3. Organ system — An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function or set of functions in the body. For example, the digestive system.

4. Sclerenchyma — Sclerenchyma is a simple supportive permanent tissue composed of long, narrow and thick-walled dead cells. It provides strength to the plant parts.

5. Cartilage — Cartilage is a supportive connective tissue that covers the ends of bones, and gives support to certain organs like the nose, ear, and trachea. It consists of a clear ground substance (matrix), which contains a large number of spaces, each occupied by one or more cells.

Name the following:

1. 3 kinds of supporting tissues in plants.
2. 2 kinds of supportive connective tissues in animals.
3. 2 kinds of complex permanent tissues.
4. 4 kinds of fibrous connective tissues.
5. 3 kinds of muscular tissues.

Answer

1. Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma
2. Cartilage and Bone
3. Xylem and Phloem
4. Areolar tissue, Adipose tissue, Tendons, and Ligaments
5. Striated muscles, Unstriated muscles, and Cardiac muscles

Write the exact location of each of the following tissues :

1. Collenchyma
2. Meristematic tissue
3. Squamous epithelium
4. Cardiac muscles
5. Nervous tissue

Answer

1. Collenchyma is found in the leaf stalks and below the epidermis of stems.

2. Meristematic tissues are found at all growing points in a plant, like the tip of roots, stems and branches, where growth in length occurs.

3. Squamous epithelium is found in the cells of the outer layer of skin.

4. Cardiac muscles are found only in the walls of the heart.

5. Nervous tissue constitutes the nervous system.

Mention the specific function of each of the following tissues :

1. Areolar tissue
2. Parenchyma
3. Xylem
4. Tendon
5. Adipose tissue

Answer

1. Areolar tissue — Areolar tissue binds our skin to the underlying tissue.

2. Parenchyma — They store food material and also provide temporary support to the plant.

3. Xylem — Xylem cells transport water and minerals absorbed by the roots from the soil, upward to the leaves.

4. Tendon — Tendons connect muscles to bones at joints. They are rich in white fibres.

5. Adipose tissue — Adipose tissue forms padding under the skin which acts as an insulation for retaining body heat.

How do you rank the following with respect to a cell, tissue, organ or organism?

1. Amoeba
2. Euglena
3. Skin
4. Lungs
5. Neuron
6. Cardiac muscles

Answer

1. Amoeba: Organism (unicellular)
2. Euglena: Organism (unicellular)
3. Skin: Organ
4. Lungs: Organ
5. Neuron: Cell
6. Cardiac muscles: Tissue

Distinguish between the following pairs on the basis of the words indicated in the brackets [].

Simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue [cellular organisation]

Answer

Differences between Simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue on the basis of cellular organisation:

Distinguish between the following pairs on the basis of the words indicated in the brackets [].

Striated and unstriated muscular tissue [location]

Answer

Differences between Striated and unstriated muscular tissue on the basis of location:

Distinguish between the following pairs on the basis of the words indicated in the brackets [].

Xylem and phloem [structural components]

Answer

Differences between Xylem and phloem on the basis of structural components:

Distinguish between the following pairs on the basis of the words indicated in the brackets [].

Bone and cartilage [function]

Answer

Differences between Bone and cartilage on the basis of function:

Distinguish between the following pairs on the basis of the words indicated in the brackets [].

Blood and lymph [blood corpuscles]

Answer

Differences between Blood and lymph on the basis of blood corpuscles:

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the "basic structural and functional unit of Nervous tissue".

Answer

Diagram of the "basic structural and functional unit of Nervous tissue" is given below:

Study the figures given below and answer the following questions :

(i) Identify the kind of tissues shown as A, B and C.

(ii) Write one specific location of each in the human body.

(iii) Mention one common function of all.

(iv) Write one structural difference between the tissues A and B.

(v) Which of these two tissues are not under the control of our will ?

Answer

(i) The tissues shown in figures A, B, and C are:
     A → Striated muscles
     B → Unstriated muscles
     C → Cardiac muscles

(ii) One specific location of each in the human body:

• Striated muscles are found in face.
• Unstriated muscles are found in the iris of the eyes.
• Cardiac muscles are found only in the walls of the heart.

(iii) All the muscle types can contract and relax. Thus, they help the body in all its movements and locomotion.

(iv) One structural difference between the tissues A and B:

(v) Unstriated muscles are not under the control of our will.

The figures given below represent three kinds of supporting tissues in plants.

A

B

C

(i) Mention the name of tissues (A), (B) and (C).

(ii) Write one structural difference between the tissues A and B.

(iii) Which of these tissues is located in the petiole of a leaf ?

(iv) Write one functional difference between the tissues A and C.

(v) Name the tissue in which the cells are long, narrow, thick-walled and dead.

Answer

(i) The name of tissues (A), (B) and (C) are:
    A → Parenchyma
    B → Collenchyma
    C → Sclerenchyma

(ii) One structural difference between Parenchyma and Collenchyma:

(iii) Collenchyma is located in the petiole of a leaf.

(iv) One functional difference between Parenchyma and Sclerenchyma:

(v) Sclerenchyma is composed of cells that are long, narrow, thick-walled and dead.