(A) The division of social groups into the rich and the poor was accepted as natural.

(R) The people were industrious and they believed in living well by earning wealth.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other.

(A) The local chieftains who ruled in different parts of Tamil Nadu were called Velirs.

(R) They helped to resolve the disputes among the rulers.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other.

(A) During the Sangam Age, the inhabitants of parched zone used to live by plunder and cattle lifting.

(R) The inhabitants of the hilly areas subsisted on shifting agriculture and animal husbandry.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other.

(A) During the Sangam Age, paddy constituted the most commonly accepted medium of exchange.

(R) Paddy was sold by mentioning its price in terms of salt.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other.