Biology
A homozygous plant having round (R) and yellow (Y) seed is crossed with homozygous plant having wrinkled (r) and green (y) seeds :
(i) Give the scientific name of the plant on which Mendel conducted his hybridization experiments.
(ii) Give the genotype of the F1 generation.
(iii) Give the dihybrid phenotypic ratio and the phenotype of the offspring of the F2 generation when two plants of the F1 generation are crossed.
(iv) Name and state the law which explains the dihybrid ratio.
(v) Give the possible combinations of gametes that can be obtained from F1 hybrid.
Genetics
ICSE 2012
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Answer
(i) Pisum sativum
(ii) Genotype of the F1 generation Rr Yy
(iii) Ratio of F2 generation 9:3:3:1 Phenotypes of F2 generation are:
- Round and yellow
- Round and green
- Wrinkled and yellow
- Wrinkled and green
(iv) Law of Independent Assortment. It states that when there are two pairs of contrasting characters, the distribution of the members of one pair into the gametes is independent of the distribution of the other pair.
(v) F1 genotype: Rr Yy So possible gamete combinations are
- RY = Round yellow
- rY = Wrinkled yellow
- Ry = Round green
- ry = Wrinkled green
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