Draw diagrams to illustrate the position of fulcrum, load and effort, in each of the following:

(a) A seesaw

(b) A common balance

(c) A nutcracker

(d) Forceps

A crowbar of length 120 cm has its fulcrum situated at a distance of 20 cm from the load. Calculate the mechanical advantage of the crowbar.

A force of 5kgf is required to cut a metal sheet. A pair of shears used for cutting the metal sheet has its blades 5 cm long, while its handles are 10 cm long. What effort is needed to cut the sheet?

The diagram below shows a lever in use.

(a) To which class of lever does it belong?

(b) If AB =1 m, AF= 0.4 m, find its mechanical advantage.

(c) Calculate the value of E.