Chemistry
(a) What are alcohols? State their sources.
(b) Give general formulae of monohydric alcohol.
Answer
(a) Alcohols are the hydroxyl derivatives of alkane. They are formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane with an OH group.
Alcohols are not found naturally in the earth's atmosphere, they are obtained by artificial synthesis in the laboratory.
For example, Methanol (wood spirit) is obtained from destructive distillation of wood, while ethanol is obtained from fermentation of sugar.
(b) CnH2n+1OH
Related Questions
(a) Write balanced equations:
(i) when butane is burnt in oxygen
(ii) for preparation of ethylene from ethyl alcohol.
(b) (i) Convert ethane to acetic acid
(ii) Convert ethyne to ethane.
(a) Write the equation for the preparation of carbon tetrachloride from methane.
(b) Draw the structural formula of ethyne.
(c) How is the structure of alkynes different from that of alkenes?
Give the:
(a) dot diagram of first member of alcohol.
(b) abbreviated formula of third member of alcohol.
(c) structure of second member of the alcohol group.
(d) structure of alcohol with 4 carbon atoms.
State the method of preparation of ethanol:
(a) by hydrolysis of ethene.
(b) by hydrolysis of ethyl bromide.