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Mathematics

Assertion (A) : A bag contains red, white and blue pencils. The probability of selecting a red pencil is 213\dfrac{2}{13} and that of selecting a blue pencil is 413\dfrac{4}{13}. Then the probability of selecting a white pencil will be 713\dfrac{7}{13}.

Reason (R) : The probability of all possible outcomes of an experiment must add upto 1.

  1. Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation for A.

  2. Both A and R are incorrect.

  3. A is true, but R is false.

  4. A is false, but R is true.

Probability

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Answer

Given,

The probability of selecting a red pencil = 213\dfrac{2}{13}

The probability of selecting a blue pencil = 413\dfrac{4}{13}

We know that,

The probability of all possible outcomes of an experiment must add upto 1.

So, reason (R) is true.

⇒ P(red) + P(blue) + P(white) = 1

Let probability of selecting a white ball be x.

213+413+x=1613+x=1x=1613x=1313613x=13613x=713.\Rightarrow \dfrac{2}{13} + \dfrac{4}{13} + x = 1 \\[1em] \Rightarrow \dfrac{6}{13} + x = 1 \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = 1 - \dfrac{6}{13} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{13}{13} - \dfrac{6}{13} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{13 - 6}{13} \\[1em] \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{7}{13}.

So, assertion (A) is true.

∴ Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation for A.

Hence, option 1 is the correct option.

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