Chemistry
Assertion (A): The properties of an ion are different from that of the parent atom.
Reason (R): Atoms and ions differ with respect to the number of neutrons and protons in them.
- Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A is true but R is false.
- A is false but R is true.
Atomic Structure
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Answer
A is true but R is false.
Explanation — When an atom changes into an ion, its electrical charge changes, affecting its conductivity, ionic radius, and other physical and chemical characteristics. Hence the assertion (A) is true.
When an atom changes to ion, number of protons and number of neutrons remain same. But number of electrons change. It will either increase or decrease. Hence reason (R) is false.
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Reason (R): Both have the same number of electrons.
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Some main features of the structure of an atom are :
(i) Atoms of all the elements (except hydrogen) are made up of three fundamental (sub-atomic) particles: electrons, protons and neutrons. (Hydrogen atom lacks neutrons).
(ii) The nucleus is located at the centre of the atom. It contains protons and neutrons, which account for the total mass of that atom.
(iii) The nucleus is positively charged due to the presence of protons in it.
(iv) The electrons are outside the nucleus and have negligible mass.
Answer the following:
(a) What is the charge of nucleus ? Give reason.
(b) Atom is positively charged, negatively charged or neutral ? Why ?
(c) Why do only protons and neutrons account for the total mass of an atom ?
(d) What do you mean by orbits ?
(e) Draw a figure showing the 3 fundamental particles in an atom.