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Physics

Assertion (A) : The walls of a dam are made thicker at the bottom.

Reason (R) : Pressure is the same in all directions about a point inside the liquid.

  1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. assertion is false but reason is true
  4. assertion is true but reason is false

Fluids Pressure

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Answer

both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

Explanation

Assertion (A) is true because the pressure in a liquid increases with depth and is given by

P=hρg\text P=\text {hρg}

So, the bottom of the dam experiences the highest pressure, and therefore the walls must be made thicker to withstand this pressure.

​Reason (R) is true because this is the statement of Pascal's law which states that at a given point in a liquid at rest, pressure is exerted equally and undiminished in all directions.

But R is not the correct explanation for A because the dam walls are thicker at the bottom due to increase in pressure with depth, not because pressure is the same in all directions.

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