The acid which produces charcoal from sugar is :

1. conc. HNO₃
2. conc. HCl
3. Conc. H₂SO₄
4. conc. H₃PO₄

The substance which can be used as drying as well as dehydrating agent is :

1. conc. H₂SO₄
2. conc. HNO₃
3. Conc. HCl
4. conc. H₂CO₃

Assertion (A): Sulphuric acid is known as the oil of vitriol.

Reason (R): Sulphuric acid was first obtained by heating crystals of green vitriol.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Assertion (A): V₂O₅ or Pt is used in the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide

Reason (R): The catalytic oxidation of SO₂ is an exothermic reaction, so it requires to be heated to about 450°C only in the beginning.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.