Given below are hypothetical figures in regard to population (in crores) of two countries A and B during the last three decades.

Fill in the blanks:

(a) Rate of growth of population of country ……………… has declined between years ……………. and …………….

(b) The country ………………. shows negative population growth between years ………………. and ……………….

(c) The country ……………….. shows zero population growth between years …………….. and ………………..

Observe the diagrams (A) and (B) given below and answer the following questions.

(a) Label the parts 1 to 5.

(b) What does figure A depict?

(c) What does figure B depict?

(d) Comment on P and Q.

(e) Mention one function each of part 2 and 4.

Kishan and Malti are married and have three children. They have decided not to have any more children and are considering permanent surgical methods of contraception.

(a) Which surgical method can Kishan undergo ?

(b) Can Malti also undergo some sort of a permanent surgical method like Kishan as answered by you in (a)?

(c) Out of (a) and (b), explain why (a) is preferred over (b) when considering permanent contraception ?

Rising population is one of the major issues that India is facing currently. It has adversely impacted the environment as well as food production capacity. Answer the questions that follow :

(a) Mention two main factors responsible for population explosion.

(b) 'It is the need of the hour to adopt population control measures. Give two reasons to substantiate the above statement.

(c) Mention two Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs) that are commonly used for contraception in India.