Biology
Define the following terms:
(a) Endocrine system
(b) Hormones
(c) Myxoedema
Endocrine System
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Answer
(a) Endocrine system — Endocrine system consists of several endocrine glands/glandular cells which activate each other and work as a system to bring about overall chemical coordination in the body.
(b) Hormones — Hormone is a secretion from some glandular part of the body, which is poured directly into blood and which acts on the target organs or cells of the same individual, bringing about coordination between distant parts of the body.
(c) Myxoedema — Myxoedema is a condition which occurs in adults due to hypothyroidism in which the person becomes sluggish with swelling of the face and hands.
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Complete the following table by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 7.
Gland Hormone secreted Effect on body (1) ----------- (2) ------- Regulates basal metabolism Pancreas ("beta" cells) (3) ------- Controls blood sugar (4) ------------ (5) -------- Increases heart beat (6) ------------ Thyroid stimulating hormone (7) ------------ Complete the following table by filling in the blank spaces numbered 1 to 8.
Gland Secretions Effect on body (1) ------------ Oestrogen (2) ----- Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans (3) ------- (4) ----- (5) ---------- (6) ------- Protruding eyes (7) ---------- (8) ------- Gigantism Distinguish between the following pairs:
Exocrine and endocrine glands (secretory substance and example)
Distinguish between the following pairs:
Enzymes and hormones (mode of transport and target organ)