| Hydraulic actuators generate motion by using pressurised fluid (oil). | Pneumatic actuators use compressed air to create motion. |
| They can deliver very high force, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications. | They provide lower force compared to hydraulic actuators and are used for lighter tasks. |
| They are commonly used in industrial and construction robotics where large forces are required. | They are lightweight, simple and cost-effective, suitable for repetitive movements. |
| They require more maintenance due to fluid handling systems. | They have fewer moving parts, making them easier to maintain. |