Dr. Seema is a reputed senior surgeon who believes in training her junior doctors in the actual operation theatre itself. Identify and explain the method of training undertaken by Dr. Seema. Discuss any two methods of training.

The method of training undertaken by Dr. Seema is On-the-Job Training (OJT).

On-the-Job Training (OJT) — Under this method, employees are assigned a specific job and they learn by performing the job in the actual work situation. Therefore, it is also known as 'learning by doing'. The employee learns work methods and job operations under the supervision of a senior employee. It is step-by-step learning, and the worker contributes towards production in the course of learning. Dr. Seema trains her junior doctors directly in the operation theatre — they learn surgical techniques while assisting and observing the actual operations she performs.

Two methods of training:

1. Coaching or Mentoring (On-the-Job) — In this method, the supervisor instructs and guides the trainee. The new employee learns the ins and outs of the job under the guidance of his supervisor. This method improves the relationship between the worker and his supervisor. It is effective when the supervisor is competent and takes a genuine interest in training. Dr. Seema's method of training her junior doctors directly is essentially coaching/mentoring within on-the-job training.

2. Vestibule Training (Off-the-Job) — Vestibule training is the most common off-the-job training method. Workers are trained in a classroom or hall within the plant. A large number of workers are trained under the guidance of expert trainers. Special instructors teach the theoretical and practical aspects of the job. The same machines and equipment which are employed at the workplace are used in the vestibule. This method permits greater emphasis on teaching the best method of work, and trainees can concentrate on learning without disrupting actual production. However, it is very expensive.