Explain the achievements of the Arabs in the field of science and literature.

The Arabs learnt the decimal system and zero from India, trigonometry and geometry from the Greeks and astronomy from the Persians. From Chinese they learnt the use of mariner's compass, manufacture of glass, paper, gun powder, the wheel barrow and printing. Al Razi and Ibn Sina were great scientists and physicians. The Arabs discovered new chemical compounds and made use of astrolabe for navigation.
In the field of literature, the Persians made remarkable progress. The Caliph Al-Mamun set up a 'House of Wisdom' at Baghdad for translating into Arabic the works from Greek, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian and Persian civilisations. Some of the famous Persian Writers like Omar Khayyam and Firdausi are known for their great works like Rubiyat and Shah Namah respectively. The world renowned book Arabian Nights provides information on the life and culture of the Arabs.