Fill in the blanks :

(i) 168 + 259 = …………… + 168

(ii) ……. + 317 = 317

(iii) (37 + 68) + …………… = 37 + (…………… + 56)

(iv) 8 + 3 x 4 = ……………

(v) 18 x (…………… + 23) = (18 x 17) + (18 x ……………)

(i) According to the Commutative Property of Addition: (a + b = b + a)

168 + 259 = 259 + 168.

(ii) If 0 is added to any number, the number remains unchanged.

0 + 317 = 317.

(iii) According to the Associative Property of Addition: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c).

(37 + 68) + 56 = 37 + (68 + 56).

(iv) According to the DMAS rule, multiplication is performed before addition.

⇒ 8 + (3 x 4)

⇒ 8 + 12

⇒ 20

8 + 3 x 4 = 20.

(v) According to the Distributive property of multiplication over addition:

[a x (b + c) = (a x b) + (a x c)].

18 x (17 + 23) = (18 x 17) + (18 x 23).