History & Civics
The General Assembly and the Security Council are two principal organs of the United Nations. Describe :
(a) The composition of these two organs of the U.N.O.
(b) Their functions.
United Nations
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Answer
(a) Composition of the General Assembly
The General Assembly is the main deliberative body of the United Nations, comprising all 193 member states, each with one vote. It is considered as the parliament of the U.N.O.
Composition of the Security Council
The Security Council has 15 members. The U.S.A., Russia, England, France and China are the permanent members. The remaining 10 non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for 2 years.
(b) Functions of the General Assembly
- To discuss matters relating to international peace and security.
- To promote international cooperation in economic, social, educational, cultural and health fields.
- To promote the development and codification of international law.
- To promote cooperation in the realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all.
- To promote friendly relations among nations.
- To discuss and make recommendations on any question affecting the powers and functions of any organ of the U.N.O.
- To consider and approve the budgets of the U.N.O. and its specialised agencies.
- To appoint the Secretary General at the recommendation of the Security Council.
Functions of the Security Council
The functions of the Security Council are given below:
- To maintain international peace and security.
- To investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to international friction.
- To recommend methods of adjusting such disputes or the terms of settlement.
- To formulate plans for the regulation of armaments.
- To determine the existence of a threat to peace or act of aggression and to recommend what action should be taken.
- To call on the members to apply economic sanctions and other measures to prevent or stop aggressions.
- To take military action against an aggressor.
- To recommend to the General Assembly the appointment of the Secretary General.
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