Geography
Give a geographical reason for each of the following:
(a) Annual range of temperature is higher in Delhi than Mumbai.
(b) Mango showers are beneficial local winds.
(c) The North East monsoons bring almost no rain to most parts of India.
(d) Study the climatic data and answer the following questions:
| Month | JAN | FEB | MAR | APR | MAY | JUN | JUL | AUG | SEP | OCT | NOV | DEC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temp. °C | 23.8 | 25.0 | 27.7 | 28.3 | 30.2 | 30.3 | 30.4 | 30.3 | 30.0 | 30.3 | 25.5 | 24.2 |
| Rainfall cm | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 45.3 | 46.5 | 45.4 | 43.3 | 20.1 | 3.0 | 1 |
(i) Calculate the annual range of temperature.
(ii) What is the total rainfall during the monsoon season?
(iii) On which coast is the station located? Give a reason for your answer.
Climate
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Answer
(a) Delhi has a higher annual range of temperature than Mumbai because Delhi is situated in the northern part of India, away from the sea. Hence, it experiences continental type of climate, too hot in summer and too cold in winter. Mumbai, on the other hand, is situated near the sea so it has a moderate type of climate, neither too hot nor too cold.
(b) Mango showers are the pre-monsoon showers in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala, Konkan and Goa that help in the ripening of mangoes. These showers are also important for tea and coffee plants. Hence they are beneficial for crops.
(c) The North East monsoons bring almost no rain to most parts of India because these winds blow from land to sea. Thus, they are dry winds and have no moisture to cause rainfall. When these winds pass over the Bay of Bengal, they pick up some moisture and cause some rainfall on the Coromandel Coast.
(d) Study of climatic data:
(a) Annual range of temperature:
Maximum Temperature = 30.4°C (In July)
Minimum Temperature = 23.8°C (In January)
Annual range of temperature = Maximum Temperature - Minimum Temperature = 30.4°C - 23.8°C = 6.6°C
∴ Annual range of temperature = 6.6°C
(b) According to the given data, the monsoon season starts from June and ends in October.
Total rainfall = 45.3 + 46.5 + 45.4 + 43.3 + 20.1 = 200.6 cm
(c) The station is located on the west coast of India as it receives heavy rainfall in the months of June, July and August. During these months, South West Monsoon winds cause heavy rainfall on the west coast of India.
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