Draw the structure of the stable positive ion formed when an acid dissolves in water.

The preparation of lead sulphate from lead carbonate is a two step process. (lead sulphate cannot be prepared by adding dilute sulphuric acid to lead carbonate.)

(a) What is the first step that is required to prepare lead sulphate from lead carbonate?

(b) Write the equation for the reaction that will take place when this first step is carried out.

(c) Why is the direct addition of dilute sulphuric acid to lead carbonate an impractical method of preparing lead sulphate?

The diagram given below is to prepare Iron [III] chloride in the laboratory.

(i) What is substance B ?

(ii) What is the purpose of B ?

(iii) Why is iron[III] chloride to be stored in a closed container ?

(iv) Write the equation for the reaction between iron and chlorine.