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Chemistry

Give balanced equations for the following:

(i) Laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

(ii) Preparation of ethanol from monochloroethane and aq. sodium hydroxide.

Nitric Acid

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Answer

(i) Laboratory preparation of nitric acid

KNO3 [conc.] + H2SO4 [conc.] <200°C\xrightarrow{\lt 200 \degree\text{C}} KHSO4 + HNO3

(ii) Preparation of ethanol from monochloroethane and aq. sodium hydroxide.

C2H5-Cl monochloroethane [ethyl chloride]+NaOH [aq.]boilC2H5-OH Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]+NaCl\underset{\text{ monochloroethane [ethyl chloride]}}{\text{C}2\text{H}5\text{-Cl}} + \text{NaOH [aq.]} \xrightarrow{\text{boil}} \underset{\text{ Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]}}{\text{C}2\text{H}5\text{-OH}} + \text{NaCl}

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