Give reasons why the Industrial Revolution first began in England.

The Industrial Revolution first began in England because of the following factors:

1. Accumulation of Capital – Through overseas trade, including the slave trade, England had gained vast profits that could fund industrial ventures and had become the strongest European power.
2. Access to Raw Materials – England’s large number of colonies ensured a steady supply of raw materials.
3. Availability of Labour – After the decline of serfdom and the enclosure movement, many peasants became landless and unemployed, providing a large workforce for factories.
4. Stable Government – A stable political system gave commercial classes more power and prevented interference from feudal classes.
5. Natural Resources – England had abundant iron and coal, with both resources located close to each other, facilitating industrial development.
6. Developed Transportation – England had a large shipping industry, solving transportation problems for goods and raw materials.