Give the names and formulae of two substances in each case :

(a) hydrated substance

(b) anhydrous substance

(c) liquid drying agent

(d) a basic drying agent

(a) hydrated substance —

1. Sodium carbonate decahydrate [Washing soda crystals] : Na₂CO₃.10H₂O
2. Copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate [Blue vitriol]: CuSO₄.5H₂O

(b) anhydrous substance —

1. Anhydrous sodium chloride [table salt] : NaCl
2. Nitre (KNO₃)

(c) liquid drying agent —

1. Sulphuric acid: H₂SO₄
2. Phosphoric acid: H₃PO₄

(d) a basic drying agent —

1. Quick lime: CaO
2. Potassium carbonate: K₂CO₃