The Gupta Age is considered to be the Golden Age of ancient history. In this context, explain the following:

1. Development in the field of literature
2. Scientific discoveries and education

1. Sanskrit literature owes much to the Gupta rulers who patronised this language. The greatest among the Sanskrit scholars was Kalidasa, who wrote the lyrical poem Meghaduta and great dramas such as Abhijnanashakuntalam. Many of the early Puranas were written down during the Gupta period. The Panchatantra was compiled by Vishnusharman. Mrichchhakatika, a drama, was written by Shudraka. The Mahabharata was almost completed by 4th century CE.

2. Scientific Discoveries — There was great progress made in science during the Gupta age. Advances were made in the field of ayurvedic medicine. Aryabhata, a great mathematician and astronomer, wrote the Aryabhatiya. He calculated the value of π (pi). Moreover, he discussed the rotation and revolution of the Earth, and the causes for lunar and solar eclipses. The decimal system gave the world a counting system.
   Education — The Gupta period was known for the importance that was given to education. The Guptas founded and patronised several universities of higher learning. Subjects such as medicine, astronomy, philosophy, Vedic literature and grammar were given importance.