Reflex actions provide a survival advantage because they:

1. Are controlled by the cerebrum.
2. Are controlled by the medulla oblongata.
3. Require no conscious thought, allowing rapid responses.
4. Always involve the spinal cord.

Industrial melanism is the phenomenon by which the peppered moth:

1. Die due to industrial growth.
2. In polluted areas, became darker in colour for better camouflage.
3. Became lighter in colour due to natural selection.
4. Became resistant to industrial pollution.

The onset of menstruation in a human female is called:

1. Menopause
2. Menarche
3. Ovulation
4. Oogenesis

The number of autosomes and allosomes present in a human cell:

1. 22 allosomes, 1 autosome
2. 22 pairs of autosomes, 1 pair of allosome
3. 22 autosomes, 1 allosome
4. 22 pairs of allosomes, 1 pair of autosome