How can the climate of a place be inferred from the topo-sheet?

The climate of a place can be inferred from the latitudinal extent of the area covered by the toposheet and the type of natural vegetation found there.

1. The latitude indicates whether the climate is hot, temperate, or cold. For example, places near 10° N are generally warmer than places near 35° N.
2. The vegetation also indicates the climate. Dense forests suggest heavy rainfall, while cactus, thorny bushes, and sparse grasses indicate an arid or semi-arid climate.