How do water bodies get contaminated by the effluents from industries?

Water bodies get contaminated by the effluents from industries in following ways:

1. Waste and sewage generated by industry can get into the water supply, introducing large organic pollutants into the ecosystem.
2. Most of the industries release chemicals like chlorides, sulphides, carbonates, nitrates and metal like Zinc, Mercury, Copper, Chromium, etc. in the rivers or their water sources.
3. Water can become contaminated with toxic or radioactive material from the industry, mine sites and abandoned hazardous waste sites.
4. Air pollution leads to acid precipitation which lower the overall pH of lakes, streams, and ponds; thereby killing vital plants and affecting the whole food chain.
5. Leaching of heavy metals from soil into the water bodies leads to contamination of water. It may kill aquatic flora and fauna.