Identify the person whose picture is seen here and answer the questions that follow:

(a) What was his role in awakening national consciousness in India?

(b) What was his role in Anti-Partition and Swadeshi Movement?

(c) Why did he lose patience with Gandhian methods?

(d) What two major remedies did he prescribe to eradicate India's poverty and unemployment?

The person shown in the given picture is Bipin Chandra Pal.

(a) His role in awakening national consciousness in India is summarised below:

1. Bipin Chandra Pal joined the Congress in 1887.
2. At the Chennai Congress in 1887, he made a forceful speech in which he pleaded that the Arms Act should be repealed.
3. He participated in several Sessions of the Congress and contributed greatly to the growth of national consciousness in India.
4. He was a great journalist. He edited several papers, the most important among them being 'New India' which he started in 1901.
5. In an article, he wrote, "individuals are born, individuals die, but the Nation liveth for ever."
6. That is how our people were being asked to make great sacrifices for the country.
7. Bipin was a marvellous orator. He roused the masses with his oratory.

(b) His role in Anti-Partition and Swadeshi Movement is described below:

1. During the Anti-Partition Movement, Bipin Chandra Pal toured several parts of the country and wherever he went, he carried with him the message of Boycott and Swadeshi.
2. In May, 1907, he delivered in Chennai several speeches on Swaraj.

(c) Bipin Chandra Pal was of the opinion that the Indians should resort to sterner measures against the Government. So he did not support the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Gandhi in 1920 and grew impatient with Gandhian methods.

(d) To eradicate India's poverty and unemployment, Bipin Chandra Pal prescribed the following two remedies-

1. to tax the rich more heavily than the poor, so that more money was available to be spent on education and health
2. the practice of Swadeshi and boycott