Identify the person whose picture is seen here and describe briefly:

(a) His views about the Goal of Congress and the Means to achieve that Goal.

(b) Object and activities of the Servants of India Society founded by him.

(c) His efforts to arouse National Awakening through his speeches in Imperial Legislative Council.

(d) His economic ideas.

The person shown here is Gopal Krishna Gokhale.

(a) Gokhale was one of India's most respected leaders.

1. He presided over the Varanasi Session of the Congress in 1905.
2. He was a man with moderate views and had immense faith in British liberalism.
3. Gokhale urged that "the goal of the Congress should be the attainment of a form of government similar to that which existed in the self-governing colonies of the British empire."
4. He believed in constitutional agitation, i.e., petitions, appeals to justice and passive resistance.
5. At the same time, he supported the Swadeshi Movement.
6. In his Presidential Address at the Varanasi Session, he said, "the true Swadeshi Movement is both a patriotic and an economic movement."
7. He made a strong plea for the reform of the Legislative Councils and separation of judiciary from the executive.

(b) In 1905, Gopal Krishna Gokhale established the Servants of India Society.

1. The main objective of the society was to train men to devote their lives to the cause of the country.
2. Its members were required to create among the people a deep and passionate love of the motherland.
3. The Society worked for the education of women and elevation of the depressed classes.

(c) In 1902, Gopal Krishna Gokhale had become the Member of the Imperial Legislative Council. In his speeches in the Council, he pleaded for:

1. Reduction in Salt Duty
2. Abolition of excise duty on Cotton Goods
3. In 1910 and 1912, he moved resolutions in the Imperial Legislative Council for relief to Indian bonded labour in Natal.
4. In one of his Budget speeches he pleaded for free primary education for all children.
5. Gokhale would like Indians to be given a large share in Indian Civil Service.

(d) Gokhale was deeply pained to see the increasing misery of the peasantry. He pleaded for

1. The reduction of land revenue.
2. Giving of cheap credit (loans) to the peasants.
3. Gokhale was in favour of State protection to infant Indian industries.
4. He called for the employment of members of educated middle class.