Geography
In Table-I, the average mean monthly temperatures and amounts of rainfall of 10 representative stations have been given. It is for you to study on your own and convert them into 'temperature and rainfall' graphs. A glance at these visual representations will help you to grasp instantly the similarities and differences between them. One such graph (Figure I) is already prepared for you. See if you can arrive at some broad generalisations about our diverse climatic conditions. We hope you are in for a great joy of learning. Do the following activities
| Stations | Latitude | Altitude (Metres) | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May. | Jun. | Jul. | Aug. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | Annual Rainfall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature(°C) Bengaluru Rainfall(cm) | 20.5 | 22.7 | 25.2 | 27.1 | 26.7 | 24.2 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 23.1 | 22.9 | 18.9 | 20.2 | 88.9 | ||
| 12°58'N | 909 | ||||||||||||||
| 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 4.5 | 10.7 | 7.1 | 11.1 | 13.7 | 16.4 | 15.3 | 6.1 | 1.3 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Mumbai Rainfall(cm) | 24.4 | 24.4 | 26.7 | 28.3 | 30.0 | 28.9 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.8 | 27.2 | 25.0 | 183.4 | ||
| 19°N | 11 | ||||||||||||||
| 0.2 | 0.2 | — | — | 1.8 | 50.6 | 61.0 | 36.9 | 26.9 | 4.8 | 1.0 | — | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Kolkata Rainfall(cm) | 19.6 | 22.0 | 27.1 | 30.1 | 30.4 | 29.9 | 28.9 | 28.7 | 28.9 | 27.6 | 23.4 | 19.7 | 162.5 | ||
| 22°34'N | 6 | ||||||||||||||
| 1.2 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 5.1 | 13.4 | 29.0 | 33.1 | 33.4 | 25.3 | 12.7 | 2.7 | 0.4 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Delhi Rainfall(cm) | 14.4 | 16.7 | 23.3 | 30.0 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 30.0 | 29.4 | 28.9 | 25.6 | 19.4 | 15.6 | 67.0 | ||
| 29°N | 219 | ||||||||||||||
| 2.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 7.4 | 19.3 | 17.8 | 11.9 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Jodhpur Rainfall(cm) | 16.8 | 19.2 | 26.6 | 29.8 | 33.3 | 33.9 | 31.3 | 29.0 | 20.1 | 27.0 | 20.1 | 14.9 | 36.6 | ||
| 26°18'N | 224 | ||||||||||||||
| 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 10.8 | 13.1 | 5.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Chennai Rainfall(cm) | 24.5 | 25.7 | 27.7 | 30.4 | 33.0 | 32.5 | 31.0 | 30.2 | 29.8 | 28.0 | 25.9 | 24.7 | 128.6 | ||
| 13°4'N | 7 | ||||||||||||||
| 4.6 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 8.7 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 30.6 | 35.0 | 13.9 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Nagpur Rainfall(cm) | 21.5 | 23.9 | 28.3 | 32.7 | 35.5 | 32.0 | 27.7 | 27.3 | 27.9 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 20.7 | 124.2 | ||
| 21°9'N | 312 | ||||||||||||||
| 1.1 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 22.2 | 37.6 | 28.6 | 18.5 | 5.5 | 2.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Shillong Rainfall(cm) | 9.8 | 11.3 | 15.9 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 20.5 | 21.1 | 20.9 | 20.0 | 17.2 | 13.3 | 10.4 | 225.3 | ||
| 24°34'N | 1461 | ||||||||||||||
| 1.4 | 2.9 | 5.6 | 14.6 | 29.5 | 47.6 | 35.9 | 34.3 | 30.2 | 18.8 | 3.8 | 0.6 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Thiruvananthapuram Rainfall(cm) | 26.7 | 27.3 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 28.6 | 26.6 | 26.2 | 26.2 | 26.5 | 26.7 | 26.6 | 26.5 | 181.2 | ||
| 8°29'N | 61 | ||||||||||||||
| 2.3 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 10.6 | 20.8 | 35.6 | 22.3 | 14.6 | 13.8 | 27.3 | 20.6 | 7.5 | ||||
| Temperature(°C) Leh Rainfall(cm) | -8.5 | -7.2 | -0.6 | 6.1 | 10.0 | 14.4 | 17.2 | 16.1 | 12.2 | 6.1 | 0.0 | -5.6 | 8.5 | ||
| 34°N | 3506 | ||||||||||||||
| 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.5 | — | 0.5 |
India Climate
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Answer
The temperature and rainfall graphs for stations are shown below:
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Related Questions
Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.
Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Re-arrange the 10 stations in two different sequences:
(i) According to their distance from the equator.
(ii) According to their altitude above mean sea level.
Stations Latitude Altitude
(Metres)Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual
RainfallTemperature(°C)
Bengaluru
Rainfall(cm)20.5 22.7 25.2 27.1 26.7 24.2 23.0 23.0 23.1 22.9 18.9 20.2 88.9 12°58'N 909 0.7 0.9 1.1 4.5 10.7 7.1 11.1 13.7 16.4 15.3 6.1 1.3 Temperature(°C)
Mumbai
Rainfall(cm)24.4 24.4 26.7 28.3 30.0 28.9 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.8 27.2 25.0 183.4 19°N 11 0.2 0.2 — — 1.8 50.6 61.0 36.9 26.9 4.8 1.0 — Temperature(°C)
Kolkata
Rainfall(cm)19.6 22.0 27.1 30.1 30.4 29.9 28.9 28.7 28.9 27.6 23.4 19.7 162.5 22°34'N 6 1.2 2.8 3.4 5.1 13.4 29.0 33.1 33.4 25.3 12.7 2.7 0.4 Temperature(°C)
Delhi
Rainfall(cm)14.4 16.7 23.3 30.0 33.3 33.3 30.0 29.4 28.9 25.6 19.4 15.6 67.0 29°N 219 2.5 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.8 7.4 19.3 17.8 11.9 1.3 0.2 1.0 Temperature(°C)
Jodhpur
Rainfall(cm)16.8 19.2 26.6 29.8 33.3 33.9 31.3 29.0 20.1 27.0 20.1 14.9 36.6 26°18'N 224 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 1.0 3.1 10.8 13.1 5.7 0.8 0.2 0.2 Temperature(°C)
Chennai
Rainfall(cm)24.5 25.7 27.7 30.4 33.0 32.5 31.0 30.2 29.8 28.0 25.9 24.7 128.6 13°4'N 7 4.6 1.3 1.3 1.8 3.8 4.5 8.7 11.3 11.9 30.6 35.0 13.9 Temperature(°C)
Nagpur
Rainfall(cm)21.5 23.9 28.3 32.7 35.5 32.0 27.7 27.3 27.9 26.7 23.1 20.7 124.2 21°9'N 312 1.1 2.3 1.7 1.6 2.1 22.2 37.6 28.6 18.5 5.5 2.0 1.0 Temperature(°C)
Shillong
Rainfall(cm)9.8 11.3 15.9 18.5 19.2 20.5 21.1 20.9 20.0 17.2 13.3 10.4 225.3 24°34'N 1461 1.4 2.9 5.6 14.6 29.5 47.6 35.9 34.3 30.2 18.8 3.8 0.6 Temperature(°C)
Thiruvananthapuram
Rainfall(cm)26.7 27.3 28.3 28.7 28.6 26.6 26.2 26.2 26.5 26.7 26.6 26.5 181.2 8°29'N 61 2.3 2.1 3.7 10.6 20.8 35.6 22.3 14.6 13.8 27.3 20.6 7.5 Temperature(°C)
Leh
Rainfall(cm)-8.5 -7.2 -0.6 6.1 10.0 14.4 17.2 16.1 12.2 6.1 0.0 -5.6 8.5 34°N 3506 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.5 — 0.5 (i) Name two rainiest stations.
(ii) Name two driest stations.
(iii) Two stations with most equable climate.
(iv) Two stations with most extreme climate.
(v) Two stations influenced by retreating monsoons.
(vi) The two hottest stations in the months of:
(a) February
(b) April
(c) May
(d) JuneStations Latitude Altitude
(Metres)Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual
RainfallTemperature(°C)
Bengaluru
Rainfall(cm)20.5 22.7 25.2 27.1 26.7 24.2 23.0 23.0 23.1 22.9 18.9 20.2 88.9 12°58'N 909 0.7 0.9 1.1 4.5 10.7 7.1 11.1 13.7 16.4 15.3 6.1 1.3 Temperature(°C)
Mumbai
Rainfall(cm)24.4 24.4 26.7 28.3 30.0 28.9 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.8 27.2 25.0 183.4 19°N 11 0.2 0.2 — — 1.8 50.6 61.0 36.9 26.9 4.8 1.0 — Temperature(°C)
Kolkata
Rainfall(cm)19.6 22.0 27.1 30.1 30.4 29.9 28.9 28.7 28.9 27.6 23.4 19.7 162.5 22°34'N 6 1.2 2.8 3.4 5.1 13.4 29.0 33.1 33.4 25.3 12.7 2.7 0.4 Temperature(°C)
Delhi
Rainfall(cm)14.4 16.7 23.3 30.0 33.3 33.3 30.0 29.4 28.9 25.6 19.4 15.6 67.0 29°N 219 2.5 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.8 7.4 19.3 17.8 11.9 1.3 0.2 1.0 Temperature(°C)
Jodhpur
Rainfall(cm)16.8 19.2 26.6 29.8 33.3 33.9 31.3 29.0 20.1 27.0 20.1 14.9 36.6 26°18'N 224 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 1.0 3.1 10.8 13.1 5.7 0.8 0.2 0.2 Temperature(°C)
Chennai
Rainfall(cm)24.5 25.7 27.7 30.4 33.0 32.5 31.0 30.2 29.8 28.0 25.9 24.7 128.6 13°4'N 7 4.6 1.3 1.3 1.8 3.8 4.5 8.7 11.3 11.9 30.6 35.0 13.9 Temperature(°C)
Nagpur
Rainfall(cm)21.5 23.9 28.3 32.7 35.5 32.0 27.7 27.3 27.9 26.7 23.1 20.7 124.2 21°9'N 312 1.1 2.3 1.7 1.6 2.1 22.2 37.6 28.6 18.5 5.5 2.0 1.0 Temperature(°C)
Shillong
Rainfall(cm)9.8 11.3 15.9 18.5 19.2 20.5 21.1 20.9 20.0 17.2 13.3 10.4 225.3 24°34'N 1461 1.4 2.9 5.6 14.6 29.5 47.6 35.9 34.3 30.2 18.8 3.8 0.6 Temperature(°C)
Thiruvananthapuram
Rainfall(cm)26.7 27.3 28.3 28.7 28.6 26.6 26.2 26.2 26.5 26.7 26.6 26.5 181.2 8°29'N 61 2.3 2.1 3.7 10.6 20.8 35.6 22.3 14.6 13.8 27.3 20.6 7.5 Temperature(°C)
Leh
Rainfall(cm)-8.5 -7.2 -0.6 6.1 10.0 14.4 17.2 16.1 12.2 6.1 0.0 -5.6 8.5 34°N 3506 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.5 — 0.5