Commercial Applications
Marketing was considered to be mere distribution in this stage of Marketing:
- Production-oriented stage
- Sales-oriented stage
- Product-oriented stage
- Marketing-oriented stage
Markets & Marketing
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Answer
Production-oriented stage
Reason — In the production-oriented stage, production and engineering departments shaped the company's goals and strategy. Marketing was dependent on production capacity and consisted of mere distribution. There were no separate marketing departments at that time.
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