Write the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis.

Ramesh is a farmer who has a vineyard and cultivates grapes. To improve the shape of the grapes and make them elongated he sprays a particular phytohormone at the time of fruiting.

(a) Name the phytohormone that Ramesh sprays on the plant at the time of fruiting.

(b) These grapes are said to be seedless. What is the technical term for the formation of such fruits?

State any two disadvantages of living close to an airport.

Draw a neat, labelled diagram of an animal cell showing Metaphase with four chromosomes.