Chemistry
Name :
(a) a black metallic oxide which reacts with hydrochloric acid to give a coloured solution.
(b) two colourless gases, which when mixed produce a white solid
(c) two gases which chemically combine to form a liquid.
(d) a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(e) the chemical in which gold can be dissolved.
(f) the experiment which demonstrates that hydrogen chloride is soluble in water.
(g) the gas produced when chlorine water is exposed to sunlight.
(h) the acid which on mixing with silver nitrate solution produces a white precipitate which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(i) the gas which produces dense white fumes with ammonia gas.
(j) an element which reacts with hydrogen to form compound which is strongly acidic in water.
Hydrogen Chloride
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Answer
(a) Copper oxide (CuO)
(b) Hydrogen chloride and Ammonia
(c) Hydrogen and Oxygen
(d) Silver chloride
(e) Aqua Regia
(f) Fountain experiment
(g) Oxygen gas
(h) Dilute hydrochloric acid
(i) Hydrogen chloride
(j) Chlorine
Explanation
(a) Copper oxide (CuO) is black, reacts with HCl to form blue-coloured copper(II) chloride solution.
CuO + 2HCl ⟶ CuCl2 + H2O
(b) NH3 (g) + HCl (g) ⟶ NH4Cl (white solid)
(c) 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) ⟶ 2H2O (liquid water)
(d) AgCl dissolves in excess NH4OH due to formation of [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex.
AgCl + 2NH4OH ⟶ [Ag(NH3)2]+Cl- + 2H2O
(e) Aqua regia (1 part of conc. HNO3 and 3 parts of conc. HCl) dissolves gold.
(f) Fountain experiment vividly shows HCl gas dissolving in water, creating a fountain effect due to pressure drop.
(g) When chlorine water is exposed to sunlight, chlorine reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid. This acid then breaks apart to give nascent oxygen (O) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The nascent oxygen combines to form Oxygen gas:
Cl2 + H2 HClO + HCl
HClO HCl + [O] (nascent oxygen)
[O] + [O] ⟶ O2
(h) AgNO3 + HCl ⟶ AgCl (white ppt.) + HNO3 which dissolves in excess NH4OH.
(i) NH3 [g] + HCl [g] ⟶ NH4Cl [s]
(j) H2 + Cl2 ⟶ 2HCl; HCl is strongly acidic in water.
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Related Questions
Assertion (A): HCl has sour taste.
Reason (R): HCl is highly soluble in water.
- Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A is true but R is false.
- A is false but R is true.
Fill in the blank from the choices in the bracket :
(a) Quicklime is not used to dry HCl gas because CaO is …………… [alkaline/acidic/neutral]
(b) When sodium chloride is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid below 200°C, one of the product formed is …………… (sodium hydrogen sulphate / sodium sulphate / chlorine).
Identify the gas evolved when :
(i) Potassium sulphite is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid.
(ii) Concentrated hydrochloric acid is made to react with manganese dioxide.
Solution A reacts with an acid B (which gives greenish yellow gas on reacting with oxidising agents like Pb3O4) to give white precipitate C insoluble in nitric acid but soluble in ammonium hydroxide. Name A, B and C.