Name the different types of mountains. Describe each of them with examples.

The different types of mountains are as follows:

1. Fold mountains — The fold mountains are formed by horizontal movements of the crust resulting in wrinkle like folds that vary greatly in size. The folds have arched or upraised parts known as anticlines and troughs known as synclines. Based on the period of their formation they are of two types — young fold mountains like the Himalayas and old fold mountains like the Aravalis.
2. Block mountains — Sometimes movement of earth's crust causes cracks or faults, where such movement leaves a block of higher land standing between two areas of lower land, the highland is known as a 'Block Mountain' or Horst. For example — the Vosges and Black forest mountains, Satpura and Vindhya mountains in India.
3. Residual mountains — When an area of highland remains standing above the general level after rivers and other natural agents have lowered the surface of the surrounding area, the term residual mountain is used. Sometimes such highlands are called mountains of denudation. For example — Helvellyn Residual Mountain