What is the difference between an alkali and a base.

What is the difference between the chemical nature of an aqueous solution of HCl and an aqueous solution of NH₃.

Give one example in case:

(a) A basic oxide which is soluble in water,

(b) A hydroxide which is highly soluble in water,

(c) A basic oxide which is insoluble in water,

(d) A hydroxide which is insoluble in water,

(e) A weak mineral acid

(f) A base which is not an alkali

(g) An oxide which is a base,

(h) A hydrogen containing compound which is not an acid

(i) A base which does not contain a metal ion.

You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two have an acidic solution and a basic solution respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube?