Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow:

"The Renaissance thinkers attacked scholasticism saying that it fed on itself, with its circular reasoning within a close system in which the basic premises bore no relation to reality. They asserted that knowledge could be gained by going out and studying mentally and manually the Book of Nature."

(Source: https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/12890/1/Unit-7.pdf)

(a) Who were some original thinkers that influenced the Renaissance?

(b) How did these original thinkers contribute to the Renaissance?

What themes were commonly depicted in Renaissance art? Explain how the Renaissance era shaped the development of art history.

How did Renaissance lead to geographical explorations? Give only one cause.

Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow:

"The Renaissance literature in modern European languages was marked by significant changes in style and theme. Initially, the tendency was towards copying the Latin literary style. Its first impact was felt in poetry where the imitation of court poets was given up and new rhymes were adopted with themes which were increasingly secular."

(Source: https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/12890/1/Unit-7.pdf)

(a) How did Renaissance literature differ from that of the Middle Ages?

(b) What language did Renaissance writers use for their works?