Chemistry
Preparation of ammonia
| Ammonia | Complete and balance the equations |
|---|---|
| Laboratory preparation [from ammonium salts] | |
| 1. Ammonium chloride + alkali | NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] |
| 2. Ammonium chloride + alkali | NH4Cl + NaOH ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] |
| 3. Ammonium sulphate + alkali | (NH4)2SO4 + NaOH ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] |
| 4. Ammonium sulphate + alkali | (NH4)2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] |
| Reactions of ammonia with drying agents | |
| 5. Sulphuric acid [conc.] | NH3 + H2SO4 ⟶ …………… |
| 6. Phosphorus pentaoxide | NH3 + P2O5 + H2O ⟶ …………… |
| 7. Calcium chloride | NH3 + CaCl2 ⟶ …………… |
| Laboratory preparation [from metal nitrides] | |
| 8. Magnesium nitride | Mg3N2 + H2O ⟶ …………… + …………… [g] |
| 9. Calcium nitride | Ca3N2 + H2O ⟶ …………… + …………… [g] |
| 10. Aluminium nitride | AlN + H2O ⟶ …………… + …………… [g] |
| Manufacture of ammonia | |
| 11. Haber's process | N2 + H2 ⇌ …………… + Δ Temperature …………… Pressure …………… Catalyst …………… Promoter …………… Favourable conditions : …………… [temperature (high/low)] …………… [pressure (high/low)] |
Answer
| Ammonia | Complete and balance the equations |
|---|---|
| Laboratory preparation [from ammonium salts] | |
| 1. Ammonium chloride + alkali | 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3 [g] |
| 2. Ammonium chloride + alkali | NH4Cl + NaOH ⟶ NaCl + H2O + NH3 [g] |
| 3. Ammonium sulphate + alkali | (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2H2O + 2NH3 [g] |
| 4. Ammonium sulphate + alkali | (NH4)2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ CaSO4 + 2H2O + 2NH3 [g] |
| Reactions of ammonia with drying agents | |
| 5. Sulphuric acid [conc.] | 2NH3 + H2SO4 ⟶ (NH4)2SO4 |
| 6. Phosphorus pentaoxide | 6NH3 + P2O5 + 3H2O ⟶ 2(NH4)3PO4 |
| 7. Calcium chloride | 8NH3 + CaCl2 ⟶ CaCl2.8NH3 |
| Laboratory preparation [from metal nitrides] | |
| 8. Magnesium nitride | Mg3N2 + 6H2O ⟶ 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3 [g] |
| 9. Calcium nitride | Ca3N2 + 6H2O ⟶ 3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3 [g] |
| 10. Aluminium nitride | AlN + 3H2O ⟶ Al(OH)3 + NH3 [g] |
| Manufacture of ammonia | |
| 11. Haber's process | N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3 + Δ Temperature 450-500°C Pressure 200-900 atmospheres Catalyst Finely divided iron [Fe] Promoter Molybdenum [Mo] Favourable conditions : low temperature high pressure |
Related Questions
Chemical properties of ammonia
Ammonia Complete and balance the equations Combustibility 12. Burning of ammonia in oxygen NH3 + O2 ⟶ …………… + …………… 13. Catalytic oxidation of ammonia NH3 + O2 ⟶ …………… + …………… + Δ (Pt/800°C) Basic nature
Reaction of ammonia gas with14. Hydrochloric acid NH3 + HCl ⟶ …………… 15. Nitric acid NH3 + HNO3 ⟶ …………… 16. Sulphuric acid NH3 + H2SO4 ⟶ …………… 17. Water [Dissociation of aq. soln.] NH3 + H2O ⟶ ……………
[NH4OH ⇌ NH4+ + …………… ]Reaction of ammonia [aq. soln.] with 18. Hydrochloric acid NH4OH + HCl ⟶ …………… + …………… 19. Nitric acid NH4OH + HNO3 ⟶ …………… + …………… 20. Sulphuric acid NH4OH + H2SO4 ⟶ …………… + …………… Reaction of ammonia [aq. soln.] with metallic salt solutions 21. Iron [II] sulphate FeSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + …………… ↓ 22. Iron [III] chloride FeCl3 + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + …………… ↓ 23. Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + …………… ↓ 24. Zinc sulphate ZnSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + ……………↓
[Zn(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + 2NH4OH ⟶ …………… + H2O]25. Copper sulphate CuSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ …………… + …………… ↓
[Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + 2NH4OH ⟶ …………… + H2O]As a reducing agent [ammonia gas]
Ammonia Complete and balance the equations 26. Heated copper oxide CuO + NH3 ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] 27. Heated lead oxide PbO + NH3 ⟶ …………… + H2O + …………… [g] 28. Chlorine [ammonia in excess] NH3 + Cl2 ⟶ …………… + N2 [g]
NH3 + HCl ⟶ ……………
__
8NH3 + Cl2 ⟶ …………… + …………… [g]29. Chlorine [chlorine in excess] NH3 + Cl2 ⟶ …………… + …………… [g] From NH3, HCl, H2S, SO2 – Select :
(i) The gas which when bubbled through CuSO4 soln., a deep blue coloured soln. is formed.
(ii) This gas burns in oxygen with a green flame.
Write the equation for the reaction in the Haber’s process that forms ammonia.