Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow:
Madhavrao Scindia tended his resignation as Civil Aviation Minister on January 9, 1993 following the crash of TU-154 aircraft which was carrying 165 persons on board including the crew. Although all the passengers survived the crash Madhavrao resigned on moral grounds as the aircraft had been leased from Russia.
(a) Does Madhavrao's resignation reflect Individual Responsibility or Collective Responsibility? Justify.
(b) State two important differences between Individual and Collective Responsibility.
(c) Which of these two responsibilities is more important? Why?

Question

Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow:
Madhavrao Scindia tended his resignation as Civil Aviation Minister on January 9, 1993 following the crash of TU-154 aircraft which was carrying 165 persons on board including the crew. Although all the passengers survived the crash Madhavrao resigned on moral grounds as the aircraft had been leased from Russia.
(a) Does Madhavrao's resignation reflect Individual Responsibility or Collective Responsibility? Justify.
(b) State two important differences between Individual and Collective Responsibility.
(c) Which of these two responsibilities is more important? Why?

KnowledgeBoat · Accepted Answer

(a) Madhavrao's resignation reflects Individual Responsibility. This is because he was directly in charge of the Civil Aviation Ministry and not the entire Council of Ministers. (b) Two important differences between Individual and Collective Responsibility are as follows: Individual Responsibility Collective Responsibility 1. The Ministers are individually responsible to the President, i.e., they hold office during the pleasure of the President and may be dismissed by him/her, on the advice of the Prime Minister even when they may have the confidence of the Legislature. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Parliament and has to resign if it loses the confidence of the Lok Sabha. A Vote of No-Confidence against one Minister is a vote against the whole Ministry. Such a Ministry that has lost the confidence of the Lok Sabha has to resign. 2. Each Minister is answerable to Parliament for the department under his/her control. It is obligatory for him/her to answer all the questions asked by the MPs, regarding the functioning of his/her department. All Ministers jointly share the responsibility for the government's policies and performance. The Ministers must function as a team in supporting and defending government policies inside as well as outside Parliament. (c) Collective Responsibility can be considered more crucial and important because it ensures accountability at a larger scale. This can be clearly noticed when a vote of No-Confidence against one minister is considered a vote against the whole Ministry, in the case of which the whole Ministry has to resign.

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	Individual Responsibility	Collective Responsibility
1.	The Ministers are individually responsible to the President, i.e., they hold office during the pleasure of the President and may be dismissed by him/her, on the advice of the Prime Minister even when they may have the confidence of the Legislature.	The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Parliament and has to resign if it loses the confidence of the Lok Sabha. A Vote of No-Confidence against one Minister is a vote against the whole Ministry. Such a Ministry that has lost the confidence of the Lok Sabha has to resign.
2.	Each Minister is answerable to Parliament for the department under his/her control. It is obligatory for him/her to answer all the questions asked by the MPs, regarding the functioning of his/her department.	All Ministers jointly share the responsibility for the government's policies and performance. The Ministers must function as a team in supporting and defending government policies inside as well as outside Parliament.