History & Civics
Read the given excerpt and answer the question that follows:
An English politician who served as Viceroy of India. He is commonly regarded as a ruthless viceroy due to his approach to the Great Indian Famine of 1876-1878.
(a) Identify the Viceroy in the given statement.
(b) Mention any three of his policies which impacted colonial India from 1876 to 1880.
Revolt 1857
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Answer
(a) The Viceroy being mentioned in the given statement is Lord Lytton. Lord Lytton organised a Grand Delhi Durbar in 1877 to proclaim Queen Victoria as the Empress of India. Lakhs of rupees were spent on the event but nothing was done for Indians who were in the grip of the Great Indian Famine.
(b) Three policies of Lord Lytton which impacted colonial India from 1876 to 1880 are:
- Lord Lytton introduced the Vernacular Press Act in 1878. The Vernacular Press Act forbade vernacular papers to publish any material that might incite feelings of dissatisfaction against the British Government. Editors who opposed this Act were sentenced to jail. This Act was not applicable to English newspapers. In 1882, this Act was repealed by Lord Ripon.
- Lord Lytton introduced the Indian Arms Act in 1878. The Indian Arms Act of 1878 made it a criminal offence for Indians to carry arms without licence. This Act was not applicable to the British.
- Lord Lytton removed import duties on cotton textiles for the benefit of British cloth industry at the cost of nascent Indian textile industry.
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