History & Civics
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
After the surrender of Germany, the Allies issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or to face destruction. Japan did not pay any heed to that. So two atom bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, 1945. The great destruction forced Japan to surrender. After Japan's surrender the war came to an end in 1945.
(a) Why did Germany surrender?
(b) Why did Japan surrender ultimately?
(c) Why were the atom bombs dropped on Japan?
2ⁿᵈ World War
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Answer
(a) The Allies began air raids on Germany in June 1944. By August, they had recaptured Paris and liberated France from German occupation. Subsequently, German forces were forced to withdraw from Belgium and Holland. At the same time, Russia attacked Germany from the east, making it difficult for Germany to fight on two fronts. Facing defeat, Hitler committed suicide in April 1945. Shortly after, on May 7, 1945, German forces surrendered unconditionally to the Allies.
(b) Japan surrendered ultimately because the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, causing massive destruction and loss of life. This forced Japan to surrender to avoid further devastation.
(c) The atom bombs were dropped on Japan because Japan refused to surrender after the Allies issued an ultimatum. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 led to Japan's unconditional surrender and brought World War II to an end.
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