With reference to the functions of Human Resource Management, explain:

(A) Any three Development functions

(B) Any two maintenance functions

(A) Three Development Functions

The development function is the process of improving the knowledge, skills, aptitudes and values of employees. Three of its activities are:

1. Performance and Potential Appraisal — It implies systematic evaluation of employees with respect to their performance on the job and their potential for development.

2. Training — It is the process by which employees learn knowledge, skills and attitudes to further organisational and personal goals.

3. Executive Development — It is the process of developing managerial talent through appropriate programmes so that managers can take up higher responsibilities.

(B) Two Maintenance Functions

The maintenance function is concerned with protecting and promoting the physical and mental health of employees. Two of its activities are:

1. Fringe Benefits — Several types of fringe benefits such as housing, medical aid, educational facilities and conveyance facilities are provided to employees to enhance their welfare.

2. Social Security Measures — Social security measures like provident fund, pension, gratuity, maternity benefits, injury/disablement allowance and group insurance are arranged for the well-being of employees and their families.