Chemistry
State the following
(i) Physical properties of elements which exhibit periodicity
(ii) Nature of hydroxides of elements which exhibit periodicity
Periodic Table
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Answer
(i) Physical properties of elements which exhibit periodicity are :
- Density
- Melting point
- Boiling point
Across a period — Density and melting point of elements increases gradually and then slightly decreases thereafter
Down a group — Density increases gradually, melting point and boiling point of elements decreases gradually
(ii) Nature of hydroxides of elements which exhibit periodicity is given below
- Across a period — The nature of hydroxides changes from strongly basic to amphoteric.
- Down a group — The nature of hydroxides changes from less basic to strongly basic, due to increasing atomic size and metallic character.
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Related Questions
Complete the definitions of the periodic properties given below :
(a) Atomic size - the distance between — (b) Ionisation potential - the amount of energy required — (c) Electron affinity - the amount of energy released — (d) Electronegativity - the tendency of an atom to attract — (e) Metallic character - of an element is exhibited when an atom of the element loses — Complete the table of trends in periodic properties by -
(a) Filling in the blanks with 'decreases' or 'increases' across a period & down a group.
(b) The reasons for the 'decrease' or 'increase' based on the criteria given.
Trend Reason for trend Periodic property Across a period Down a group in periodic property (a) Atomic size No. of shells • Nuclear charge (b) Ionization potential Increases Atomic size • Nuclear charge (c) Electron affinity Atomic size • Nuclear charge (d) Electronegativity Decreases Atomic size • Nuclear charge (e) Metallic character Atomic size • Ionisation potential The alkali metal in period 2 and the halogen in period 3.
The noble gas having duplet arrangement of electrons.