A student is riding a bicycle on a level road. Apply Newton's third law of motion and identify the force which is equal and opposite to the backward push of the rear wheel on the road.

1. The force exerted by him on pedals.
2. The resistance of the air and force of friction.
3. The forward push of the road on the rear wheel.
4. all of the above.

Out of the following, which statement does not relate to Newton's laws of motion?

1. If a body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal and opposite force on body A.
2. The force needed to produce a given acceleration in a body is inversely proportional to the mass of the body.
3. The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the external force acting on the body and takes place in the direction of the force.
4. A body continues in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

Name and state the action and reaction in the following cases —

(a) firing a bullet from a gun,

(b) hammering a nail,

(c) a book lying on a table,

(d) a moving rocket,

(e) a person walking on the floor,

(f) a moving train colliding with a stationary train.

“The action and reaction both act simultaneously.” Is this statement true?