Assertion (A): The analogous organ to the vermiform appendix in herbivorous mammals is quite helpful in digesting cellulose. But it is considered a vestigial organ in humans.

Reason (R): Vermiform appendix is a wide worm-like tubular structure, projecting from the blind part of the colon (a part of large intestine). Its function is the same as that of the colon, i.e., absorption of water and some remnants of digested food.

1. Both A and R are True
2. Both A and R are False
3. A is True and R is False.
4. A is False and R is True.

Assertion (A): The theory of natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin, is a fundamental mechanism driving human evolution.

Reason (R): Natural selection operates through the preservation of favourable variations that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual adaptation of populations to their environments over time.

1. Both A and R are True
2. Both A and R are False
3. A is True and R is False.
4. A is False and R is True.

Assertion (A): Tubectomy is a temporary method of contraception for males in which the sperm ducts are cut and ligated with a nylon thread.

Reason (R): Tubectomy closes the passage of the sperms. The sperm duct is also known as vas deferens, which stores the sperms for some days during which they mature and become motile.

1. Both A and R are True
2. Both A and R are False
3. A is True and R is False.
4. A is False and R is True.

Assertion (A): Fossil fuels are renewable and non-conventional sources of energy.

Reason (R): The underground reserves of coal and petroleum are depleting fast. People should look at other non-conventional sources of energy like solar energy, tidal energy, etc. for their use.

1. Both A and R are True
2. Both A and R are False
3. A is True and R is False.
4. A is False and R is True.